Biocapteurs ampérométriques à cholinestérases pour la détermination des pesticides organophosphorés

Abstract

The purpose of this study is a comparative presentation of the different types of the amperometric biosensors based on cholinesterases for the determination of organophosphorous pesticides using the bibliographical information of the last 20 years. The study contains the presentation of the structure and properties of the cholinesterases, the main reactions implied in the functioning of the amperometric biosensors, their applications and factors influencing the detection or (and) the inhibition process. The detection limit of the mono- or bi-enzymatic amperometric biosensors are relatively higher than those corresponding with the immunobiosensors or with gas and liquid chromatography, which are still considered as the reference methods. As shown, for many other amperometric biosensors, the Michaelis–Menten's kinetic treatment used for reactions catalyzed by free enzymes can be extended to describe the response of amperometric biosensors based on immobilized cholinesterases. The positive compromise between advantages and drawbacks, as well as the "soft" experimental conditions, point to the amperometric monoenzymatic bioelectrode, as an attractive analytical tool for the detection of organophosphorous pesticides.Key words: amperometric biosensor, acetylcholinesterase, organophosphorous pesticides, kinetic, inhibition.

Organophosphorus Pesticides Determination by Electrochemical Biosensors

“…These inhibition based acylcholinesterases sensor for OP quantification have been extensively reviewed (Andreescu & Marty, 2006;Anzai, 2006;Jaffrezic-Renault, 2001;Noguer et al, 1999;Prieto-Simón et al, 2006;Rodriguez-Mozaz et al, 2004;Solé et al, 2003a;Solé et al, 2003b;Tran-Minh, 1985;Turdean et al, 2002). Attention has been paid to two main types of them, according to the transduction mode: the potentiometric and the amperometric ones.…”

Enzyme vs. Bacterial Electrochemical Sensors for Organophosphorus Pesticides Quantification

“…An important drawback represents the complex, long-lasting, and expensive procedure for OPH or PH extraction and purification, performed in specialized microbiological laboratories (to note that these enzymes are not commercially available) (Prieto-Simón et al, 2006). Some reviews summarize the performances of the enzyme electrochemical sensors for OP pesticides determination and the principles of their operation Anzai, 2006;Jaffrezic-Renault, 2001;Mazzei et al, 1996;Mulchandani et al, 2001a;Noguer et al, 1999;Prieto-Simón et al, 2006;Rodriguez-Mozaz et al, 2004;Solé et al, 2003a;Solé et al, 2003b;Tran-Minh, 1985;Turdean et al, 2002). Selected relevant data, demonstrating the sensitivity of the enzyme sensors are given in Table 1 and Table 2.…”

Hybrid electrochemical biosensor for organophosphorus pesticides quantification

“…The function of the acylcholinesterases (acetylcholinesterase or butyrylcholinesterase) and phosphatases (acid or alkaline) electrochemical sensors is based on the ability of the PO compounds to inhibit these enzymes [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. The determination is very sensitive, but indirect.…”

“…An important drawback represents the complex, long-lasting, and expensive procedure for OPH or PH extraction and purification, performed in specialized microbiological laboratories (to note that these enzymes are not commercially available) [15]. Some reviews summarize the performances of the enzymes electrochemical sensors for OP pesticides determination and the principles of their operation [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. The commune disadvantages of this group of biosensors are the instability of the response (due to enzyme leaking or deactivation), the observed interferences at high electrode potentials, the passivation of the electrode surface and the short life-time at ambient temperature.…”