Biocalcium powder from precooked skipjack tuna bone: Production and its characteristics

Abstract

Biocalcium (BC) powder from the bones of precooked skipjack tuna was produced and characterized, compared to calcined bone (CB) powder. Higher calcium (40.35%) and phosphorous (15.28%) contents were found in the CB powder, compared to BC powder (26.91 and 12.63%, respectively). Nevertheless, similar Ca/P ratio was observed (1.62–1.65). Mean particle sizes of both powders were 17.07–20.29 µm. BC powder had higher b* (yellowness) with slightly lower L* (lightness) values than the CB counterpart (p < .05). Both samples showed a characteristic peak of hydroxyapatite in X‐ray diffraction patterns, in which the crystallinities of the BC and CB powders were 45.19 and 74.69%, respectively. Amides I, II, and III peaks in Fourier transform infrared spectrum, hydroxyproline, and protein were detected only in the BC powder. BC powder had a low abundance of volatile compounds, including aldehydes, alcohols, and ketones. A negligible amount of volatiles was found in the CB powder. Practical applications Calcium supplementation has been increasingly used to alleviate the lack of calcium in the human body, particularly inadequate levels of calcium and poor absorption. Calcium associated with peptides or biocalcium (BC) has a higher advantage in terms of absorption than calcium alone. Precooked skipjack tuna is considered a promising source for BC production due to its abundance. BC with improved color and odor along with increased solubility in gastrointestinal tract can be used as an alternative calcium supplement to tackle the inadequate intake of dietary calcium.

Proximate and Morphological Characteristics of Nano Hydroxyapatite (Nano Hap) Extracted From Fish Bone

“…Percentage of ash content in HAp-1 (98.24%) was higher compared to RB (50.98%) probably due to the high composition of materials such as protein and lipid. This finding was in alignment with the previous study by Benjakul et al (2017), who found that the amount of ash content in the calcined bone of skipjack tuna is 99.75% due to the high amount of organic matter such as fat and protein. The ash content in fish bone is normally more than 40% depending on species (Toppe et al, 2007).…”

Valorization of fish byproducts: Sources to end‐product applications of bioactive protein hydrolysate

“…Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy revealed the presence of hydroxyproline and protein by amide I, II, and III peaks detection (Benjakul et al., 2017). Furthermore, BC showed higher bioavailability of Ca in the in vitro‐simulated gastrointestinal tract system, mainly due to the presence of collagen (Benjakul et al., 2017). Tilapia fish ( O. niloticus ) scales were used to prepare tilapia scale PH (TSPH) using commercial proteases (Lu et al., 2016).…”

Extraction, Characterization, and Application of Agricultural and Food Processing By-Products

“…Fish bone is another by-product that can serve as a raw material for the production of high value-added compounds that can be used in various sectors including agrochemical, biomedical, food, and pharmaceutical industries [23]. Fish bone is considered as one of the potential biological sources to produce calcium phosphates [23,24]. Fish bone can be applied to boost nutritional characteristics in seasoning powder [25].…”

“…Additionally, fish bone is the source of hydroxyapatite (HA) known as (Ca 2+ ) 10Àx (H 3 O + ) 2Àx (PO 4 3À ) 6 (OH À ) 2 . Those bones could be converted to biocalcium (BC) powder, which is derived from bio-mineralized or a naturally produced resource [24].…”