Biobased polymeric flocculants for industrial effluent treatment

Singh, R. P.; Nayak, B.; Biswal, Dibyajyoti; Tripathy, Tridib; Banik, K.

doi:10.1007/s10019-003-0273-z

Cited by 101 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Flocculation is a method with highly effective, inexpensive, and easy to operate among the physicochemical treatment processes of wastewater. Consequently, numerous low-cost flocculants have been studied including polyacrylamide (PAM) and its modifying derivatives, [10][11][12] polyaluminum chloride (PAC), 13 polymerized ferrous sulfate (PFS), 14 aluminum sulfate (AS), [15][16][17] modifying polysaccharides, 18,19 etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of quaternized carboxymethyl chitosan and its capacity to flocculate COD from printing wastewater

Cai

Yang

Zhu

2010

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A bioflocculant, quaternized carboxymethyl chitosan (QCMC), was developed by the quaternization of N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan (N,O-CMC) and characterized by FTIR, 1 H-NMR, GPC, and potentiometry. The efficiency of the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) in printing wastewater by this flocculant was further reported. Results indicated that the capacity of QCMC to remove the COD from tested wastewater was the best one among the investigated flocculants. The pH had great influence on this capacity and the suitable pH for QCMC to treat the tested wastewater was about 5.0. The utilization of aid-flocculant, especially bentonite, could improve this capacity obviously, and the increase of mass ratio of bentonite to QCMC resulted in the increase of the capacities of complex flocculant to remove the COD from the tested wastewater. When the mass ratio of bentonite to QCMC was 40, pH of wastewater was 5.0 and amount of complex flocculant in the wastewater was from 2500 to 3142 mg L À1 , the removal ratio of COD was more than 80%.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of quaternized carboxymethyl chitosan and its capacity to flocculate COD from printing wastewater

Cai

Yang

Zhu

2010

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…84,85 Such modification is done to overcome the drawbacks in term of moderate flocculation performance, uncontrolled biodegradability, and varying efficiency due to different processing conditions. 86 The biodegradability of natural polysaccharides needs to be suitably controlled 87 to prolong the shelf life and improve the flocculating ability. On the other hand, synthetic flocculants are highly effective and have long shelf life, but they are non-biodegradable and toxic to environment.…”

Section: Plant-based Grafted Bio-flocculantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Development and Application of Plant-Based Bioflocculants and Grafted Bioflocculants

Lee

Chong

Robinson

et al. 2014

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Flocculation is extensively employed for clarification through sedimentation. Application of ecofriendly plant-based bio-flocculants in wastewater treatment has attracted significant attention lately with high removal capability in terms of solids, turbidity, colour and dye. However, moderate flocculating property and short shelf life restrict their development. In order to enhance the flocculating ability, natural polysaccharides derived from plants are chemically modified by inclusion of synthetic, non-biodegradable monomers (e.g. acrylamide) onto their backbone to produce grafted bio-flocculants. This review is aimed to provide an overview of the development and flocculating efficiencies of plant-based bio-flocculants and grafted bio-flocculants for the first time. Furthermore, the processing methods, flocculation mechanism and the current challenges are discussed. All the reported studies about plant-derived bio-flocculants are conducted under lab-scale conditions in wastewater treatment. Hence, the possibility to apply natural bio-flocculants in food and beverage, mineral, paper and pulp, oleo-chemical and biodiesel industries is discussed and evaluated.

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“…We have seen that grafting synthetic polymers onto a polysaccharide backbone can result in an improved flocculant 9 as well as a better drag reducing agent. 10 Polyacrylamide-grafted polysaccharides are nonionic and therefore perform best in industrial effluents containing contaminant particles of relatively low negativity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of cationic starch: An efficient flocculating agent

Pal

Mal

Singh

2008

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Starch is a known carbohydrate in which, regardless of its origin, two polysaccharides are found namely amylose and amylopectin. By insertion of a cationic moiety to the backbone of starch, a modified cationic starch can be developed which can be used as flocculant. Various grades of cationic starches were developed to optimize the best performing flocculant. The base polysaccharide, starch and the best performing cationic starch i.e., Cat St3 (which have been confirmed from flocculation characteristics and intrinsic viscosity measurement) have been characterized by various characterization techniques such as determination of molecular weight, elemental analysis, FTIR spectroscopy, intrinsic viscosity measurement, thermal analysis, etc. From the characterization, it could be concluded that there was a substantial incorporation of cationic moiety onto the backbone of starch. The flocculation efficacy of these cationized starches was compared with each other and with some of the commercial flocculants available in national and international market in manganese ore suspensions. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008

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Biobased polymeric flocculants for industrial effluent treatment

Cited by 101 publications

References 16 publications

Preparation of quaternized carboxymethyl chitosan and its capacity to flocculate COD from printing wastewater

Preparation of quaternized carboxymethyl chitosan and its capacity to flocculate COD from printing wastewater

A Review on Development and Application of Plant-Based Bioflocculants and Grafted Bioflocculants

Characterization of cationic starch: An efficient flocculating agent

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