Biobased foams from condensed tannin extracts from Norway spruce (Picea abies) bark

Lacoste, Clément; Čop, Matjaž; Kemppainen, Katariina; Giovando, Samuele; Pizzi, A.; Laborie, Marie‐Pierre; Šernek, Milan; Celzard, Alain

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.03.089

Cited by 42 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Water extraction of the raw materials was performed in a 60-L stirred tank in 2 consecutive steps: a 2-h cold water extraction at 6% consistency, followed by a 3-h hot water extraction after the primary extracts were drained and replaced with hot tap water (decreasing the consistency to 5.1%). The conditions of hot water extraction were chosen to facilitate effective removal of water-soluble extractives [ 15 ] but to avoid intense hemicellulose removal [ 17 ], as well as to provide comparability with previous results on hot water-extracted spruce bark [ 14 , 15 , 21 ]. The temperature was maintained at 25 °C during the cold water extraction, whereas after being heated for 1 h, it was kept at 80 °C for 2 h in the hot water extraction step.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extractives from Scots pine and Norway spruce barks have recently been characterized by Bianchi et al [ 4 , 5 ], Co et al [ 8 ], Kemppainen et al [ 15 ], Krogell et al [ 17 ], Normand et al [ 26 ], and Vernarecová et al [ 48 ]. Extractives have both traditional (e.g., tannins in the leather industry) as well as a range of new uses—for instance, to produce adhesives, resins, and foams [ 9 , 21 ]. Certain extractives also have pharmaceutical applications [ 22 , 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This finding has negative implications in cases where debarking proves to be technically difficult or uneconomic, but severe pretreatment would also be required to provide reasonable sugar yields (e.g., forest harvest residues). The removal of extractives has mainly been investigated with the idea to valorize the extracted compounds [ 15 , 21 ], but it also generates a holocellulose-enriched residual and might also improve the enzymatic digestibility [ 14 ]. However, the effect of hot water extraction followed by acid-catalyzed steam pretreatment was not examined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Removal of Water-Soluble Extractives Improves the Enzymatic Digestibility of Steam-Pretreated Softwood Barks

Frankó

Carlqvist

Galbe

et al. 2017

Appl Biochem Biotechnol

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Softwood bark contains a large amounts of extractives—i.e., soluble lipophilic (such as resin acids) and hydrophilic components (phenolic compounds, stilbenes). The effects of the partial removal of water-soluble extractives before acid-catalyzed steam pretreatment on enzymatic digestibility were assessed for two softwood barks—Norway spruce and Scots pine. A simple hot water extraction step removed more than half of the water-soluble extractives from the barks, which improved the enzymatic digestibility of both steam-pretreated materials. This effect was more pronounced for the spruce than the pine bark, as evidenced by the 30 and 11% glucose yield improvement, respectively, in the enzymatic digestibility. Furthermore, analysis of the chemical composition showed that the acid-insoluble lignin content of the pretreated materials decreased when water-soluble extractives were removed prior to steam pretreatment. This can be explained by a decreased formation of water-insoluble “pseudo-lignin” from water-soluble bark phenolics during the acid-catalyzed pretreatment, which otherwise results in distorted lignin analysis and may also contribute to the impaired enzymatic digestibility of the barks. Thus, this study advocates the removal of extractives as the first step in the processing of bark or bark-rich materials in a sugar platform biorefinery.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s12010-017-2577-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Removal of Water-Soluble Extractives Improves the Enzymatic Digestibility of Steam-Pretreated Softwood Barks

Frankó

Carlqvist

Galbe

et al. 2017

Appl Biochem Biotechnol

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“…Furthermore, some foreseeable species in the preparation of the co-reaction of tannin-based biomass foam are shown in Table 3. In general, as shown in Figure 4, four types of flavonoid units are involved in the formation of condensed tannin-derived oligomers, i.e., Fisetinidin, Robinetinidin, Catechin, and Delphinidin, respectively [24,50,58]. The tannin-derived products will originate from the combination of these units with each other and with other reagents.…”

Section: Maldi-tof Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of Condensed Tannin Non-Isocyanate Polyurethane (NIPU) Rigid Foams by Ambient Temperature Blowing

Chen

Pizzi

et al. 2020

Polymers

Self Cite

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Ambient temperature self-blowing mimosa tannin-based non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) rigid foam was produced, based on a formulation of tannin-based non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) resin. A citric acid and glutaraldehyde mixture served as a blowing agent used to provide foaming energy and cross-link the tannin-derived products to synthesize the NIPU foams. Series of tannin-based NIPU foams containing a different amount of citric acid and glutaraldehyde were prepared. The reaction mechanism of tannin-based NIPU foams were investigated by Fourier Trasform InfraRed (FT-IR), Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry, and 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (13C NMR). The results indicated that urethane linkages were formed. The Tannin-based NIPU foams morphology including physical and mechanical properties were characterized by mechanical compression, by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). All the foams prepared showed a similar open-cell morphology. Nevertheless, the number of cell-wall pores decreased with increasing additions of glutaraldehyde, while bigger foam cells were obtained with increasing additions of citric acid. The compressive mechanical properties improved with the higher level of crosslinking at the higher amount of glutaraldehyde. Moreover, the TGA results showed that the tannin-based NIPU foams prepared had similar thermal stability, although one of them (T-Fs-7) presented the highest char production and residual matter, approaching 18.7% at 790 °C.

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“…Pine tannin foams without formaldehyde showed lower mechanical strength and more elastic behaviour. This work permitted clearly the application of such type of tannin-furanic foam formulations to the whole class of very reactive procyanidin tannins, not only different species of pine tannins [54][55][56][57] but also spruce tannins [58][59][60][61], and others. Formaldehyde-free, in reality any-aldehyde-free pine tannin foams have also been developed but present lower mechanical resistance undergoing compression.…”

Section: Tannin-furanic Foams By Chemical Reaction Exothermmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tannin-Based Biofoams-a Review

Pizzi¹

2019

Journal of Renewable Materials

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Biobased foams from condensed tannin extracts from Norway spruce (Picea abies) bark

Cited by 42 publications

References 31 publications

Removal of Water-Soluble Extractives Improves the Enzymatic Digestibility of Steam-Pretreated Softwood Barks

Removal of Water-Soluble Extractives Improves the Enzymatic Digestibility of Steam-Pretreated Softwood Barks

Preparation and Characterization of Condensed Tannin Non-Isocyanate Polyurethane (NIPU) Rigid Foams by Ambient Temperature Blowing

Tannin-Based Biofoams-a Review

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