Bioavailability of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids

Schuchardt, Jan Philipp; Hahn, Andreas

doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2013.03.010

Cited by 272 publications

(263 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Both blood and tissue levels could facilitate comparisons of findings, especially if differences are due to poor adherence to dietary, supplement, and prescription n-3 PUFA instructions, when there is a variation in the content of supplements, adulteration and mislabeling, digestive or absorption issues, or varying bioavailability [81]. Not infrequently, patients will substitute an over-the-counter (OTC) brand for a prescription version without informing physicians; contents of commercial brands vary appreciably, and often patients will not understand that the total marine oil in a bottle is not the same as the actual weights listed.…”

Section: Role Of Measuring N-3 Pufa Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The inclusion of studies that rely upon self-recall of n-3 product use, while rejecting those that rely upon n-3 PUFA levels, is particularly concerning. In the future, perhaps knowledge of n-3 PUFA levels will be considered as an advantage, not as a confounder to be ignored [14,23,[81][82][83][84][86][87][88]. Second, as discussed above, as the dual epidemics of obesity and T2D progress, glucose intolerance and atherogenic dyslipidemia follow, with increases in levels of TG, TRL, and cholesterol remnants.…”

Section: Recent Major Meta-analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease: Principles, Practices, Pitfalls, and Promises - A Contemporary Review

Kones¹,

Howell²,

Rumana³

2017

Med Princ Pract

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Amidst voluminous literature, inconsistencies and opposing results have confused rather than clarified cardiologists' ability to assess the potential benefits of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA). In perspective, there are common themes that emerge from n-3 PUFA studies, even as imperfect as they may be. The approach taken was to identify and unite these themes into a manageable, cohesive, evidence-based, yet useful synthesis. In all reviews and meta-analyses, the selection of component studies and assumptions influences outcomes. This overarching principle must be combined with the totality of the data, particularly when evidence is incompletely understood and gaps in knowledge must be bridged. Both the older literature and the most recent rigorous meta-analyses indicate that n-3 PUFA are highly pleiotropic agents with many documented positive physiological effects. Concordance among preclinical, observational, randomized clinical trials and meta-analyses is impressive. These agents have modest, statistically significant benefits which accrue over time. Given their favorable safety profile, a risk reduction of about 10% justifies their potential use in cardiovascular disease.

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Section: Role Of Measuring N-3 Pufa Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Recent Major Meta-analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease: Principles, Practices, Pitfalls, and Promises - A Contemporary Review

Kones¹,

Howell²,

Rumana³

2017

Med Princ Pract

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Providing n-3 LCPUFA in a low-fat meal will also decrease their bioavailability, compromising the dose estimates [17] .…”

Section: Proposition Supportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, higher doses of these PUFA compared with background levels are more likely to reveal positive outcomes if they exist [21,22] . Selecting participants with low baseline levels of n-3 LCPUFA is important for detecting treatment effects [23] and implementing clinical conditions where fatty acid bioavailability is increased, such as during a high-fat meal, thus enhancing the likelihood that the dose given will be bioavailable [17] . Moreover, meta-analyses need expertise in the methodological issues of trials with n-3 fatty acids, and a critical approach toward these trials.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

International Society for the Study of Fatty Acids and Lipids 2016 Debate: For Science-Based Dietary Guidelines on Fats, Meta-Analysis and Systematic Reviews Are Decisive

Nettleton¹,

Schacky²,

Brouwer³

et al. 2017

Ann Nutr Metab

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declared that recommendations on dietary fat intake should always be based on the totality of the evidence, including physiologic and biochemical knowledge and associations from observational epidemiology. RCTs and meta-analyses have their shortcomings, but well-conducted systematic reviews and meta-analyses support a transparent process for developing dietary fat guidelines. Participants agreed that evidence-based decision-making for dietary guidance should consider all the best available evidence using a transparent, systematic review. Introduction and PropositionTo strengthen the scientific basis for dietary guidelines, the strongest types of evidence, such as meta-analyses and systematic reviews, well-designed, randomized, controlled trials (RCTs), and prospective cohort studies take precedence over weaker study designs, such as casecontrol and cross-sectional studies, opinions, and beliefs. Recent dietary fat guidelines have drawn withering criticism [3,4] . The ensuing controversy and (mis)use of systematic reviews to bolster a particular position can restrain or obstruct the development of more effective public health policy [5] . Further, the "mass" production of systematic reviews and meta-analyses has reached "epidemic" proportions [6] , suggesting that many are redundant, flawed, or conflicted. This raises the concern that systematic reviews may be at risk of corruption [7] . Given the importance of well conducted meta-analyses and systematic reviews in the hierarchy of scientific evidence and development of dietary guidelines, the question of whether such evidence is decisive in formulating dietary fat guidelines was forcefully contested at the 2016 congress of the International Society for the Study of Fatty Acids and Lipids (ISSFAL), Stellenbosch, South Africa, September 7, 2016. The debate was held under the auspices of the International Union of Nutritional Sciences and the International Expert Movement to Improve Dietary Fat Quality (IEM, www.theiem.org). Berthold Koletzko, LudwigMaximilians-University, Munich, Germany, moderated the exchange. This paper describes that forum. Proposition SupportSupporting the proposition, Clemens von Schacky of Ludwig Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany, examined the evidence for the current dietary recommendations of the European Society of Cardiology and other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice [8] . One by one, von Schacky marshaled examples of the weaknesses in existing data: inability to accurately assess dietary intake in population samples [9] , changes in surrogate risk markers that do not affect clinical outcomes or mortality [10,11] , insufficient evidence that omega-6 (n-6) fatty acid consumption affects clinical endpoints in cardiovascular disease (CVD) [12] , and participant or response variability [13] that can obscure differences in outcomes [14] . He particularly highlighted the unexpected lack of association in Europe between intake of trans-fatty acids and increased risk of CVD mortality [15] . Taken toget...

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“…Son más estables al desarrollo de procesos oxidativos que los triglicéridos con composición equivalente de AGPICL (27). A nivel digestivo, los ácidos grasos tienen mayor biodisponibilidad cuando provienen de fosfolípidos que los aportados por la hidrólisis de los triglicéridos (28,29). Son de más fácil manejo tecnológico por su carácter anfipático, lo que los hace emulsionantes y emulsionables.…”

Section: Funciones Y Propiedades De Los Fosfolípidosunclassified

Fosfolípidos de origen marino: una nueva alternativa para la suplementación con ácidos grasos omega-3

Sanhueza

et al. 2014

Rev. chil. nutr.

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Bioavailability of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids

Cited by 272 publications

References 46 publications

n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease: Principles, Practices, Pitfalls, and Promises - A Contemporary Review

n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease: Principles, Practices, Pitfalls, and Promises - A Contemporary Review

International Society for the Study of Fatty Acids and Lipids 2016 Debate: For Science-Based Dietary Guidelines on Fats, Meta-Analysis and Systematic Reviews Are Decisive

Fosfolípidos de origen marino: una nueva alternativa para la suplementación con ácidos grasos omega-3

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