Bioadhesive Control of Plasma Proteins and Blood Cells from Umbilical Cord Blood onto the Interface Grafted with Zwitterionic Polymer Brushes

Abstract

In this work, bioadhesive behavior of plasma proteins and blood cells from umbilical cord blood (UCB) onto zwitterionic poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) (polySBMA) polymer brushes was studied. The surface coverage of polySBMA brushes on a hydrophobic polystyrene (PS) well plate with surface grafting weights ranging from 0.02 mg/cm(2) to 0.69 mg/cm(2) can be effectively controlled using the ozone pretreatment and thermal-induced radical graft-polymerization. The chemical composition, grafting structure, surface hydrophilicity, and hydration capability of prepared polySBMA brushes were determined to illustrate the correlations between grafting properties and blood compatibility of zwitterionic-grafted surfaces in contact with human UCB. The protein adsorption of fibrinogen in single-protein solutions and at complex medium of 100% UCB plasma onto different polySBMA brushes with different grafting coverage was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with monoclonal antibodies. The grafting density of the zwitterionic brushes greatly affects the PS surface, thus controlling the adsorption of fibrinogen, the adhesion of platelets, and the preservation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) in UCB. The results showed that PS surfaces grafted with polySBMA brushes possess controllable hydration properties through the binding of water molecules, regulating the bioadhesive and bioinert characteristics of plasma proteins and blood platelets in UCB. Interestingly, it was found that the polySBMA brushes with an optimized grafting weight of approximately 0.1 mg/cm(2) at physiologic temperatures show significant hydrated chain flexibility and balanced hydrophilicity to provide the best preservation capacity for HSPCs stored in 100% UCB solution for 2 weeks. This work suggests that, through controlling grafting structures, the hemocompatible nature of grafted zwitterionic polymer brushes makes them well suited to the molecular design of regulated bioadhesive interfaces for use in the preservation of HSPCs from human UCB.

Structures and Synthesis of Zwitterionic Polymers

“…In particular, the latter profits from the facile incorporation of reactive groups in special positions, e.g., in the center or at the ends of the polymers, that enable efficient attachment of the macromolecules onto the substrates. Still, classical grafting-from [318][319][320][321][322][323][324][325][326][327][328][329][330][331][332][333][334][335], grafting-to [336][337][338][339][340][341][342][343][344][345][346], and grafting-through [316,347] procedures are of course continuously in use, especially in industrial applications, where the activation of the surfaces for the grafting process by physical means or by simple, "unpretentious" chemistry is preferred for reasons of experience, cost and high-throughput.…”

Membranes with Surface-Enhanced Antifouling Properties for Water Purification

“…The antifouling properties can be affected by packing density, grafting coverage, polymer chain conformation and chemistry [80]. For example, protein fouling resistance increased with increasing polymer chain length and grafting coverage [59,81]. …”

Effect of experimental photopolymerized coatings on the hydrophobicity of a denture base acrylic resin and on Candida albicans adhesion

“…The use of polymers containing zwitterionic groups such as phosphatidylcholines and sulfobetaines, 5-10 which originate from the simulation of biomembranes, 9,11 has been proposed to modify the surface of biomaterials. [12][13][14] A significant reduction in protein adsorption has been demonstrated 5,[8][9][10][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] and attributed to the formation of a hydration layer on the material surface [5][6][7][9][10][11][12][13][14]16,17,19 that prevents the conformational alteration of these proteins. 9,11,13,14,19 Previous researchers 7,13,16,20,21 reported that sulfobetaine application on substrate surfaces reduced bacterial adhesion.…”