Bioactivity of Ruta graveolens and Satureja montana Essential Oils on Solanum tuberosum Hairy Roots and Solanum tuberosum Hairy Roots with Meloidogyne chitwoodi Co-cultures

Abstract

As a nematotoxics screening biotechnological system, Solanum tuberosum hairy roots (StHR) and S. tuberosum hairy roots with Meloidogyne chitwoodi co-cultures (StHR/CRKN) were evaluated, with and without the addition of the essential oils (EOs) of Satureja montana and Ruta graveolens. EOs nematotoxic and phytotoxic effects were followed weekly by evaluating nematode population density in the co-cultures as well as growth and volatile profiles of both in vitro cultures types. Growth, measured by the dissimilation method and by fresh and dry weight determination, was inhibited after EO addition. Nematode population increased in control cultures, while in EO-added cultures numbers were kept stable. In addition to each of the EOs main components, and in vitro cultures constitutive volatiles, new volatiles were detected by gas chromatography and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry in both culture types. StHR with CRKN co-cultures showed to be suitable for preliminary assessment of nematotoxic EOs.

Phytochemicals as Biopesticides against the Pinewood Nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus: A Review on Essential Oils and Their Volatiles

“…Biochemical pesticides are naturally occurring compounds or mixtures that control plant pests by interfering with important behavioral or physiological mechanisms, while synthetic products act by directly killing or inactivating the pest [54,55]. The use of natural compounds as ecological biopesticides has gained much attention, particularly the screening of highly active EOs [56]. Several EOs have been screened with promising results, in some cases showing higher activities than commercial nematicides.…”

Acaricidal, Insecticidal, and Nematicidal Efficiency of Essential Oils Isolated from the Satureja Genus

“…Significant decrease in the population growth of nematode compared to the control groups (p < 0.05) [71].…”

Ruta Essential Oils: Composition and Bioactivities

“…Linds. [ 10 , 11 , 15 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 ], and another species, R. graveolens [ 8 , 16 , 18 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 ] co...…”

“…Faria et al [ 60 ] demonstrated that the essential oil of the aerial parts of R. graveolens could completely inhibit the growth of the hairy roots of Solanum tuberosum . The herbicidal or phytotoxic property of R. graveolens , however, was reported previously on Raphanus sativas , where this essential oil inhibited the germination and seedling radicle growth [ 101 ].…”

“…Linds. [10,11,15,, and another species, R. graveolens [8,16,18,[50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66] collected from different parts of the world have been extensively investigated, and considerable variations have been observed both in the yield (%) of essential oils, and their qualitative and quantitative chemical profiles (Table 1). Nevertheless, there are a good number of reports on the analysis of essential oil produced by R. montana (Table 1) [41,62,[67][68][69][70][71][72][73].…”