Ruta Essential Oils: Composition and Bioactivities

Abstract

Ruta L. is a typical genus of the citrus family, Rutaceae Juss. and comprises ca. 40 different species, mainly distributed in the Mediterranean region. Ruta species have long been used in traditional medicines as an abortifacient and emmenagogue and for the treatment of lung diseases and microbial infections. The genus Ruta is rich in essential oils, which predominantly contain aliphatic ketones, e.g., 2-undecanone and 2-nonanone, but lack any significant amounts of terpenes. Three Ruta species, Ruta chalepensis L., Ruta graveolens L., and Ruta montana L., have been extensively studied for the composition of their essential oils and several bioactivities, revealing their potential medicinal and agrochemical applications. This review provides a systematic evaluation and critical appraisal of publications available in the literature on the composition and bioactivities of the essential oils obtained from Ruta species and includes a brief outlook of the potential applications of nanotechnology and chitosan-based products of Ruta essential oils.

Construção de um banco de dados das plantas medicinais aromáticas da Região do Baixo Tocantins, Amazônia, Pará, Brasil: resultados preliminares

“…Uma das possíveis aplicabilidades práticas da oleoteca será testar a capacidade desses óleos como herbicidas naturais e na pesquisa voltada para testes de alelopatia. Destaca-se que há atividade alelopática já demostrada usando plantas medicinais amazônicas, como o óleo de andiroba (Ribeiro et al 2021), copaíba (Cruz et al 2021) e arruda (Nahar et al 2021), pois os mesmos constituintes químicos responsáveis pelas atividades terapêuticas, influenciaram no crescimento de outras plantas.…”

Ruta montana(L.) L.: An insight into its medicinal value, phytochemistry, biological properties, and toxicity

“…Numerous studies evaluated the chemical composition of RMEOs, described as a yellowish liquid of a strong smell and often obtained from the air-dried or the fresh aerial parts of the plant (29,50). RMEO collected at the flowering stage from Taza region of Morocco contained 2-undecanone (63.97%), camphor (3.82%), and cyclopropane carboxylic acid (3.66%) as the main components (16).…”

Glucose Tolerance, Antiprotease Activity and Total Oxidant/Antioxidant Capacity Studies of β‐Glucosidase Hybrid Nanoflower for Industrial Applications

“…Also, the isolated compounds or crude extracts of the plants were assayed for their various biological activities such as anti‐microbial, anti‐proliferative, anti‐bacterial, anti‐hyperglycaemic, anti‐inflammatory, anti‐pyretic and anti‐diuretic, anti‐larvicidal, anti‐stress properties. As well‐known, the relevant biological activities of the plants are linked to the phytochemicals available [13–17] . In this context, owing to the great sources of phytochemicals, either primary or secondary metabolites, the uses of the plant extracts have recently gained considerable attention regarding synthesis of nanostructures for distinct applications thanks to the low cost, high stability and easy availability [18–21] .…”

“…As well-known, the relevant biological activities of the plants are linked to the phytochemicals available. [13][14][15][16][17] In this context, owing to the great sources of phytochemicals, either primary or secondary metabolites, the uses of the plant extracts have recently gained considerable attention regarding synthesis of nanostructures for distinct applications thanks to the low cost, high stability and easy availability. [18][19][20][21] In addition to the crude extract, isolated compounds may also be used as an organic part of nanostructures, as the case reported for allicin compound of Allium sativum [20] and the activities of the compounds may be modified with hybrid nanoflowers like nano-engineered approaches.…”