Bioactivity and composition of a preserved connective tissue matrix derived from human placental tissue

Abstract

There are a wide variety of extracellular matrices that can be used for regenerative purposes. Placental tissue‐based matrices are quickly becoming an attractive option given the availability of the tissue source and the wide variety of bioactive molecules knows to exist in unprocessed placental tissues. As fresh placental tissues are seldom an option at the point of care, we examined both the composition and bioactivity of a commercially packaged flowable placental connective tissue matrix (FPTM) (BioECM®, Skye Biologics, Inc.) that was preserved by the proprietary HydraTek® process. The FPTM contained significant amounts of collagen and various growth factors such as bFGF, EGF, PDGF, KGF, and PIGF. In addition, it contained high levels of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP‐1 and 2) and molecules known to modulate the immune response including TGF‐β and IL‐4. In terms of its bioactivity, the FPTM displayed the ability (1) to suppress INF‐γ secretion in activated T‐cells nearly fourfold over control media, (2) to inhibit methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Staphylococcus saprophyticus proliferation, (3) to increase the migration of adipose‐derived stem cells (ASCs) nearly threefold over control media and (4) to adhere to ASCs in culture. When ASCs were exposed to FPTM in culture, the cells maintained healthy morphology and showed no significant changes in the expression of five genes involved in tissue growth and repair as compared to culture in standard growth media. © 2018 The Authors Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 2731–2740, 2018.

Amniotic growth factors enhanced human pre‐adipocyte cell viability and differentiation under hypoxia

“…Due to this being a novel alternative method to aid in volume loss of fat grafting applications a “proof of concept” study was imperative. The type and concentration of growth factors in human placental tissue have been previously demonstrated by Irvin et al 27 The growth factors include PDGF, bFGF, EGF, KGF, PIGF, IL‐4, TGF‐β, VEGF, and TIMPs 27 . As hypothesized, the viability of HPADs was greatly increased when compared to control after 7 days of culture.…”

“…A statistically significant elevated expression of SCL2A4 (Figure 6C) and VEGF-A (Figure 6D) was observed compared to control. 27 The growth factors include PDGF, bFGF, EGF, KGF, PIGF, IL-4, TGF-β, VEGF, and TIMPs. 27 As hypothesized, the viability of HPADs was greatly increased when compared to control after 7 days of culture.…”

A decellularized flowable placental connective tissue matrix supports cellular functions of human tenocytes in vitro

“…Although the effects of flowable CTM on cells have been studied previously using conditioned medium or a CTM extract [ 15 , 20 , 45 ], this is the first study to examine the direct interaction between tenocytes and CTMs. This distinction is important because the direct interaction between CTMs and cells better replicates the host environment for clinical application.…”

Foot and Ankle Injections in Athletes

“…36 Additionally, varying methods of harvesting, sterilization, preparation, and storage make standardization difficult. 42 However, modern methods of sterilization and storage have resulted in increased use for a variety of musculoskeletal injuries. 45 Fetal tissue and placental-based tissue have a uniquely high concentration of growth factors, matrix components, and cytokines that stimulate tissue healing while simultaneously decreasing inflammation and scar formation.…”