Bioactives in cactus (<i>Opuntia ficus‐indica</i>) stems possess potent antioxidant and pro‐apoptotic activities through <scp>COX</scp>‐2 involvement

Kim, Jinhee; Soh, Soon Yil; Shin, Juha; Cho, Chi-Woung; Choi, Young Hee; Nam, Sang-Yong

doi:10.1002/jsfa.6968

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Nevertheless, the slight decreases of pH that were found after fermentation suggested the involvement of other mechanisms. Phytochemicals such as ascorbic acid, carotenoids and phenols determined the marked radical scavenging activity of crude cladode cactus extracts [ 48 ]. The antioxidant activity of fermented cladodes was compared to that of a non-inoculated and chemically acidified control (CP-CT).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The immune-modulatory and antioxidant effect of CP extracts was proven by in vitro and in vivo assays [ 51 , 52 ]. It might be associated with the presence of various compounds such as favonols and aglycone derivatives, phenolic acids and derivatives [ 8 , 48 ]. Extracts from fermented CP markedly inhibited the inflammatory status of Caco-2/TC7 cells, as induced by treatments with TNFα, IL-1β and IFN-γ.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lactic Acid Fermentation of Cactus Cladodes (Opuntia ficus-indica L.) Generates Flavonoid Derivatives with Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties

et al. 2016

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Cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica L.) is widely distributed in the arid and semi-arid regions throughout the world. In the last decades, the interest towards vegetative crop increased, and cladodes are exploited for nutraceutical and health-promoting properties. This study aimed at investigating the capacity of selected lactic acid bacteria to increase the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of cactus cladodes pulp, with the perspective of producing a functional ingredient, dietary supplement or pharmaceutical preparation. Preliminarily, the antioxidant activity was determined through in vitro assays. Further, it was confirmed through ex vivo analysis on intestinal Caco-2/TC7 cells, and the profile of flavonoids was characterized. Cactus cladode pulp was fermented with lactic acid bacteria, which were previously selected from plant materials. Chemically acidified suspension, without bacterial inoculum and incubated under the same conditions, was used as the control. Lactobacillus plantarum CIL6, POM1 and 1MR20, Lactobacillus brevis POM2 and POM4, Lactobacillus rossiae 2LC8 and Pediococcus pentosaceus CILSWE5 were the best growing strains. Fermentation of cladode pulp with L. brevis POM2 and POM4 allowed the highest concentration of γ-amino butyric acid. Lactic acid fermentation had preservative effects (P<0.05) on the levels of vitamin C and carotenoids. Two flavonoid derivatives (kaemferol and isorhamnetin) were identified in the ethyl acetate extracts, which were considered to be the major compounds responsible for the increased radical scavenging activity. After inducing oxidative stress by IL-1β, the increased antioxidant activity (P<0.05) of fermented cladode pulp was confirmed using Caco-2/TC7 cells. Fermented cladode pulp had also immune-modulatory effects towards Caco-2 cells. Compared to the control, fermented cladode pulp exhibited a significantly (P<0.05) higher inhibition of IL-8, TNFα and prostaglandins PGE2 synthesis. The highest functional effect was found using ethyl acetate extracts. In conclusion, fermentation, especially with L. plantarum strains and L. brevis POM4, enhanced the antioxidant and immune-modulation features of cladode pulp.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactic Acid Fermentation of Cactus Cladodes (Opuntia ficus-indica L.) Generates Flavonoid Derivatives with Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties

et al. 2016

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“…Studies have reported that inhibition of COX-2 reverses the resistance of several types of cancer cells to PTX [ 38 , 39 ]. Additionally, studies have shown that inhibition of COX-2 expression leads to apoptosis in cancer cells by stimulating pro-apoptotic proteins [ 40 , 41 ]. Thus, down-regulation of COX-2 and the consequent activation of apoptosis is a way to sensitize gastric cancer cells to PTX.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclooxygenase-2 mediated synergistic effect of ursolic acid in combination with paclitaxel against human gastric carcinoma

Zhu

Zhang

et al. 2017

Oncotarget

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Ursolic acid (UA) induces apoptosis in gastric cancer cells by inhibiting cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Paclitaxel (PTX) is an important chemotherapy agent used to treat solid tumors. We evaluated the in vitro antitumor activity of UA in combination with PTX against gastric cancer cells and investigated the mechanisms underlying the combined effects. A cytotoxicity test and flow cytometry were utilized to study the effects of UA and PTX on proliferation and apoptosis, respectively. To further elucidate the mechanism, Western blot analysis was used to assess changes in the expression of a series of related proteins, including COX-2, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Bcl-2, and Bax. UA and PTX dose- and time-dependently inhibited BGC-823 and SGC-7901 gastric cancer cell proliferation. Combined delivery of UA and PTX synergistically reduced cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in these cells by lowering COX-2, PCNA, and Bcl-2 expression and by increasing Bax expression. These results indicate that the synergistic inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis by UA and PTX may be induced by reducing COX-2 expression in gastric cancer cells.

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“…The most cytotoxic species on cancer cells was O. rastrera rastrero that presented at the same time the best antioxidant content and capacity among the various species tested. In contrast, Kim et al [113] showed that extracts from O. humifusa cladodes were able to induce apoptosis in MCF-7 cells and human colon SW-480 cells. Water-partitioned fractions of fruits and stems of O. humifusa were reported to suppress the growth of U87MG glioblastoma cells, in association to an increase in ROS production in the cells [114].…”

Section: Biological and Medical Properties Of Opuntia Spp In Chromentioning

confidence: 95%

Opuntia spp.: Characterization and Benefits in Chronic Diseases

Díaz

Rosa

Héliès-Toussaint

et al. 2017

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

105

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Opuntia species have been used for centuries as food resources and in traditional folk medicine for their nutritional properties and their benefit in chronic diseases, particularly diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. These plants are largely distributed in America, Africa, and the Mediterranean basin. Opuntia spp. have great economic potential because they grow in arid and desert areas, and O. ficus-indica, the domesticated O. species, is used as a nutritional and pharmaceutical agent in various dietary and value-added products. Though differences in the phytochemical composition exist between wild and domesticated (O. ficus-indica) Opuntia spp., all Opuntia vegetatives (pear, roots, cladodes, seeds, and juice) exhibit beneficial properties mainly resulting from their high content in antioxidants (flavonoids, ascorbate), pigments (carotenoids, betalains), and phenolic acids. Other phytochemical components (biopeptides, soluble fibers) have been characterized and contribute to the medicinal properties of Opuntia spp. The biological properties of Opuntia spp. have been investigated on cellular and animal models and in clinical trials in humans, allowing characterization and clarification of the protective effect of Opuntia-enriched diets in chronic diseases. This review is an update on the phytochemical composition and biological properties of Opuntia spp. and their potential interest in medicine.

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Bioactives in cactus (Opuntia ficus‐indica) stems possess potent antioxidant and pro‐apoptotic activities through COX‐2 involvement

Abstract: These findings demonstrate the health-benefit roles, including anti-oxidative and anti-proliferative activities as well as pro-apoptotic effects, of bioactive compounds in OFEs, suggesting a chemopreventive role in human cancer cells.

Cited by 23 publications

References 27 publications

Lactic Acid Fermentation of Cactus Cladodes (Opuntia ficus-indica L.) Generates Flavonoid Derivatives with Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties

Lactic Acid Fermentation of Cactus Cladodes (Opuntia ficus-indica L.) Generates Flavonoid Derivatives with Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties

Cyclooxygenase-2 mediated synergistic effect of ursolic acid in combination with paclitaxel against human gastric carcinoma

Opuntia spp.: Characterization and Benefits in Chronic Diseases

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