Bioactive secondary metabolites produced by microorganisms associated with plants

Abstract

Abstract:In the past few decades groups of scientists have focused their study on relatively new microorganisms called endophytes. By definition these microorganisms, mostly fungi and bacteria, colonise the intercellular spaces of the plant tissues. The mutual relationship between endophytic microorganisms and their host plants, taxanomy and ecology of endophytes are being studied. Some of these microorganisms produce bioactive secondary metabolites that may be involved in a host-endophyte relationship. Recently, many endophytic bioactive metabolites, known as well as new substances, possesing a wide variety of biological activities as antibiotic, antitumor, antiinflammatory, antioxidant, etc. have been identified. The microorganisms such as endophytes may be very interesting for biotechnological production of bioactive substances as medicinally important agents. Therefore the aim of this review is to briefly characterize endophytes and summarize the structuraly different bioactive secondary metabolites produced by endophytic microorganisms as well as microbial sources of these metabolites and their host plants.

Endophytic actinomycetes: promising source of novel bioactive compounds

“…11,12,14 It is widely believed that the potential of secondary metabolites with biological activities from endophytic actinomycetes is just as great as that achieved from soil actinomycetes. [16][17][18][19][20] As results of our exploration, we have already found several novel compounds from endophytic actinomycetes. In a similar vein, many new genera of actinomycetes, such as Allonocardiopsis from the fruit of a medical plant, 21 Actinophytocola from Thai glutinous roots of rice plants, 22 Plantactinospora from root of a medical plant, 23 had been discovered and promising endophytes with unknown function may arise from plants.…”

Scanning Electron Microscopy of Endophytic Actinomycete Isolate against Fusarium oxysporum for Various Growth Parameters on Musk Melon

“…Several efforts have been made to find less hazardous options for controlling these plant pathogens among which the biological control using the microorganisms has been demonstrated to be a feasible alternative (Zucchi et al, 2008). Among the biocontrol agents, endophytic microorganisms especially actinomycetes from medicinal plants have raised special attention, mainly due to their crucial role on host-plant development (Firakova et al, 2007). Actinomycetes are also found inside plants as endophytes.…”

Induced production of depsipeptides by co-culturing Fusarium tricinctum and Fusarium begoniae

“…In addition, the structure of 1 also contained two N-methyl groups as suggested by their NMR data [δ H 2.97 s, δ C 31.0 q (6-Me); and δ H 3.03 s, δ C 32.0 q (17-Me)]. Moreover, the 13 C NMR spectrum showed the presence of four carbonyl groups (δ C 173.8 s, 169.6 s, 168.7 s, 171.6 s). These functionalities satisfy all degrees of unsaturation required by the molecular formula, thus compound 1 must have a linear structure.…”

“…These compounds are known for their ionophoric, phytotoxic and anthelmintic effects, as well as for their antibiotic activity and potent cytotoxic activity against cancer cell lines. 13 With the aim of isolation and identification of new metabolites, mixed fermentations were performed in this study between three different Fusarim species (F. tricinctum, F. begoniae and F. equiseti). F. tricinctum is a wellknown source of enniatins, 14 and F. begoniae was only reported to produce fusaproliferin, 15 while F. equiseti mainly produces trichothecenes and fusarochromanone.…”