Bioactive peptides generated in an enzyme membrane reactor using Bacillus lentus alkaline peptidase

Abstract

Bacillus lentus alkaline peptidase (BLAP) was used for casein (CN) hydrolysis in an enzyme membrane reactor (EMR) because it was found that BLAP was competitively inhibited by its products. The employed membranes had different molecular weight cut-offs (MWCO 1, 5 and 10 kDa). It was shown that the productivity of the EMR could be significantly improved (28 %) in comparison with batch hydrolysis under the same conditions after 20 h. All resulting EMR peptide mixtures showed a homogenous peptide pattern in HPLC-UV analysis. The obtained peptide mixtures exhibited Angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory and antioxidative activity. The ACE inhibition of the peptide mixtures was dependent on the MWCO of the membranes. The resulting apparent IC 50 values were 115, 131 and 420 lg ml -1 for the 1, 5 and 10 kDa MWCO membranes, respectively. In kinetic studies, a mixed-type inhibition was observed for the three peptide mixtures. The radical scavenging activity was determined with the ABTS assay, and IC 50 values between 20 and 25 lg ml -1 were obtained for the generated peptide mixtures. In addition, the identified VYPFPGPIPN peptide exhibited ACE inhibition and antioxidant activity with IC 50 values of 325 and 6.2 lM, respectively. The peptide YQEPVLGPVRGPFPIIV exhibited radical scavenging activity with an IC 50 value of 5.2 lM.

Bioprospecting for Bioactive Peptide Production by Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Fermented Dairy Food

“…The kefir peptides VYPFPGPIPN and QEPVLGPVRGPFPIIV were identified by Eisele et al [124] as strong antioxidative peptides and weak ACE inhibitors. Other peptide sequences identified in commercial dairy products had previously been described as antioxidant BPs (Table 3).…”

Kefir Peptides Prevent Hyperlipidemia and Obesity in High‐Fat‐Diet‐Induced Obese Rats via Lipid Metabolism Modulation

“…[11] In addition, kefir contains abundant natural bioactive peptides and exhibits a variety of biological activities, such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory, antithrombotic, mineral binding, opioid, immunomodulating, antimicrobial, and anti-oxidative effects. [12][13][14][15] The present study evaluated the anti-obesity effect of kefir peptides. We fed animals a moderately high energy diet containing 8% soybean oil and 44% sweetened condensed milk supplemented with kefir peptides for 8 weeks.…”

Processing and sensory characteristics of a fermented low‐fat skim milk drink containing bioactive antihypertensive peptides, a functional milk product

“…The ACE inhibition of the peptide mixtures was dependent on the molecular weights (MWs) of the membranes (Eisele et al . ). The results showed that the migration pattern for proteins in the molecular weight ladder, control RSM and traditional fermented RSM and fermented RSM with agitation by bioreactor, respectively (Figure b,c).…”