Bioactive Molecules Release and Cellular Responses of Alginate-Tricalcium Phosphate Particles Hybrid Gel

Abstract

In this article, a hybrid gel has been developed using sodium alginate (Alg) and α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) particles through ionic crosslinking process for the application in bone tissue engineering. The effects of pH and composition of the gel on osteoblast cells (MC3T3) response and bioactive molecules release have been evaluated. At first, a slurry of Alg and α-TCP has been prepared using an ultrasonicator for the homogeneous distribution of α-TCP particles in the Alg network and to achieve adequate interfacial interaction between them. After that, CaCl2 solution has been added to the slurry so that ionic crosslinked gel (Alg-α-TCP) is formed. The developed hybrid gel has been physico-chemically characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a swelling study. The SEM analysis depicted the presence of α-TCP micro-particles on the surface of the hybrid gel, while cross-section images signified that the α-TCP particles are fully embedded in the porous gel network. Different % swelling ratio at pH 4, 7 and 7.4 confirmed the pH responsiveness of the Alg-α-TCP gel. The hybrid gel having lower % α-TCP particles showed higher % swelling at pH 7.4. The hybrid gel demonstrated a faster release rate of bovine serum albumin (BSA), tetracycline (TCN) and dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) at pH 7.4 and for the grade having lower % α-TCP particles. The MC3T3 cells are viable inside the hybrid gel, while the rate of cell proliferation is higher at pH 7.4 compared to pH 7. The in vitro cytotoxicity analysis using thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT), bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and neutral red assays ascertained that the hybrid gel is non-toxic for MC3T3 cells. The experimental results implied that the non-toxic and biocompatible Alg-α-TCP hybrid gel could be used as scaffold in bone tissue engineering.

Alginate/Gelatin Hydrogels Reinforced with TiO2 and β-TCP Fabricated by Microextrusion-based Printing for Tissue Regeneration

“…Dong et al reported strong evidence of the intermolecular interactions and good molecular compatibility between alginate and gelatin. Using FTIR analysis, they found that the absorption band concerned the stretching vibration of N-H group bonded to O-H group shifted to a lower wavenumber, suggesting an increase in the hydrogen bonding [36]. Zhao et al studied the compatibility between calcium alginate and TiO 2 using Fourier transform infrared spectrometry.…”

Simple and green synthesis of calcium alginate/AgCl nanocomposites with low-smoke flame-retardant and antimicrobial properties

“…Alginate, constituted of b-D-mannuronic acid (M block) and a-L-guluronic acid (G block), is a polysaccharide with abundant natural reserves (Das et al 2017;Liu et al 2016c;Luo et al 2015). As a renewable biomass, it is preferable for its intrinsic features including non-toxic, well degradability and biocompatibility (Das et al 2017;Googerdchian et al 2012;Lee and Mooney 2012), and thus it has attracted great interest in recent years (Li et al 2017a, b;Liu et al 2015a;Senturk Parreidt et al 2018).…”

Non-Chloride in Situ Preparation of Nano-Cuprous Oxide and Its Effect on Heat Resistance and Combustion Properties of Calcium Alginate

“…It has served as a template for the preparation of new functional hybrid materials in recent years [13,14,15,16,17]. In particular, sodium alginate can form a strong and stable “egg box” model (Figure 1) [12,18,19] structure of water-insoluble materials by crosslinking with divalent or trivalent metal ions, which is not only widely used in food and medicine [20,21,22], but also as an eco-friendly flame-retardant material [23,24,25,26,27].…”