Bioactive Compounds of Fresh and Dried Pleurotus ostreatus Mushroom

Abstract

Chemical composition of the fresh and dried mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus and their bioactive secondary metabolic products were studied. The ethanolic extracts of the P. ostreatus cultivated on rice straw supplemented by wheat bran were studied by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis. A total of hundred and seven metabolites were detected in tested samples. These include 56 metabolites only detected in fresh sample, 37 metabolites only detected in dry sample, and 14 metabolites were detected in the both samples. The detected metabolites could be classified into nine chemical groups including 2 metabolites related to acids, 5 alcohols, 27 alkane, 3 amides, 27 esters, 8 fatty acids, 4 terpenoids, 29 heterocyclic and 2 phenols. The bioactivity of the metabolic products could be classified: anticholesterol, anticancer and essential fatty acids which support human health. On comparison between fresh and dried P. ostreatus samples, we found that the high number of metabolites was recorded in the fresh extract. Fifty five aroma compounds were recorded and including (27 esters, 9 ketones, 7 thiols, 5 alcholos, 4 terpenoids, 2 phenols and 1 aldehyde). The selenium content in P. ostreatus samples was measured by using ACAL -APR -51-00 test methods and showed that the fresh sample has 58.24 mg/kg but the dry sample has 100.31 mg/kg.

Apoptosis induction by Pleurotus sajor-caju (Fr.) Singer extracts on colorectal cancer cell lines

“…All compounds were identified with tetradecanoic acid (myristic acid, C14:0), pentadecanoic acid (C15:0), hexadecanoic acid (palmitic acid, C16:0), 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (linoleic acid, C18:2) and ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3β-ol being the main compounds identified in the extract, with the latter one as most abundant (30.6% of total compounds). These results are in accordance with those previously reported by others authors studying a similar extract from the Pleurotus ostreatus (Priya et al, 2012;Mohamed and Farghaly, 2014). Kayode et al (2015) identified fatty acids and Usami et al (2014) other types of compounds, mainly volatile, in Pleurotus sajor-caju.…”

Analysis of the Bioactive Metabolites of the Endangered Mexican Lost Fungi Campanophyllum – A Report from India

“…At a retention time of 11.6, a terpene, 2H-pyran, tetrahydro-4-methyl-2-(2-methyl-1-propenyl)-was present, a well-recognized flavor- enhancer. Terpenoids like ergosta-5, 7, 22-trien-3-ol, 22-tetraen-3.b.-ol, D-xenialactol, gosterol, ergothionene, dimethylhydrazine were earlier reported in various higher fungi [37,38]. Terpenoids are known to possess antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anticholesterol properties [38].…”

“…Terpenoids like ergosta-5, 7, 22-trien-3-ol, 22-tetraen-3.b.-ol, D-xenialactol, gosterol, ergothionene, dimethylhydrazine were earlier reported in various higher fungi [37,38]. Terpenoids are known to possess antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anticholesterol properties [38]. The phenolic compound, 2, 6-bis (1, 1-dimethylethyl) was present at 13.25 retention time with peak abundance touching as high as 12.5.…”

Medicinal mushrooms in adjuvant cancer therapies: an approach to anticancer effects and presumed mechanisms of action

“…From a nutritional perspective and due to the high protein value and fiber content, cultivation of mushrooms has also been considered as an alternative to the supply of proteins in countries with high level of malnutrition [17]. Aside from this, edible mushrooms have been reported as having an antitumor potential [17][18][19] and anti-angiogenesis properties [20,21].…”