Bioactive Compounds from Marine Sponges: Fundamentals and Applications

Varijakzhan, Disha; Loh, Jiun-Yan; Yap, Wai-Sum; Yusoff, Khatijah; Seboussi, Rabiha; Lim, Swee Hua Erin; Lai, Kok-Song; Chong, Chou-Min

doi:10.3390/md19050246

Cited by 57 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 193 publications

(240 reference statements)

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“…Thus, it is not surprising that investigations on viral ecogenomics across the four sponge classes is in trend [ 55 ]. Despite predation [ 56 ], sponges develop highly specialized chemical defense mechanisms based on the biosynthesis of effective antiviral biomacromolecules [ 57 , 58 ]. Such antiviral substances of poriferan origin such as nucleoside Ara-A (vidarabine) isolated from sponge Tethya crypta [ 59 ], or spongouridine and spongothymidine [ 60 ], have been recognized recently.…”

Section: Promising Compounds From Marine Algae Bacteria Sponges and Fish For Covid-19 Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Anti-Viral Applications of Marine Resources for COVID-19 Treatment: An Overview

2021

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The ongoing pandemic has led to an urgent need for novel drug discovery and potential therapeutics for Sars-CoV-2 infected patients. Although Remdesivir and the anti-inflammatory agent dexamethasone are currently on the market for treatment, Remdesivir lacks full efficacy and thus, more drugs are needed. This review was conducted through literature search of PubMed, MDPI, Google Scholar and Scopus. Upon review of existing literature, it is evident that marine organisms harbor numerous active metabolites with anti-viral properties that serve as potential leads for COVID-19 therapy. Inorganic polyphosphates (polyP) naturally found in marine bacteria and sponges have been shown to prevent viral entry, induce the innate immune response, and downregulate human ACE-2. Furthermore, several marine metabolites isolated from diverse sponges and algae have been shown to inhibit main protease (Mpro), a crucial protein required for the viral life cycle. Sulfated polysaccharides have also been shown to have potent anti-viral effects due to their anionic properties and high molecular weight. Likewise, select marine sponges produce bromotyrosines which have been shown to prevent viral entry, replication and protein synthesis. The numerous compounds isolated from marine resources demonstrate significant potential against COVID-19. The present review for the first time highlights marine bioactive compounds, their sources, and their anti-viral mechanisms of action, with a focus on potential COVID-19 treatment.

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Section: Promising Compounds From Marine Algae Bacteria Sponges and Fish For Covid-19 Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Anti-Viral Applications of Marine Resources for COVID-19 Treatment: An Overview

2021

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“…Although few representative compounds from sponges are approved as drugs, hundreds of new compounds with interesting pharmacological activities are currently in clinical trials and new molecules are discovered from sponges every year [ 2 , 3 ]. Sponge-derived products range from nucleosides to terpenes, sterols, cyclic peptides, and alkaloids and are proved to have pharmacological properties such as antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antimalarial, antitumor, immunosuppressive, and cardiovascular activity [ 1 , 4 , 5 ]. Their chemical diversity is the result of different factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sponges are invertebrates belonging to the Phylum Porifera, holding a unique internal system of afferent and efferent canals, functioning as a filter feeder [ 5 ]. By filtering both particulate and dissolved material, sponges fill a niche in nutrient cycling and play an important ecological role within the surrounded ecosystem [ 5 , 6 ]. They are amongst the most ancient animals in the oceans and can survive in a wide range of habitats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are amongst the most ancient animals in the oceans and can survive in a wide range of habitats. They developed, through years of evolution of adaptive strategies, to survive in different marine environments through the production of primary and secondary metabolites [ 5 ]. As sponges cannot move and lack of physical defenses, they have developed a broad suite of defensive chemicals to deter predators or compete for space [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pharmacological Activities of Extracts and Compounds Isolated from Mediterranean Sponge Sources

et al. 2021

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Marine pharmacology is an exciting and growing discipline that blends blue biotechnology and natural compound pharmacology together. Several sea-derived compounds that are approved on the pharmaceutical market were discovered in sponges, marine organisms that are particularly rich in bioactive metabolites. This paper was specifically aimed at reviewing the pharmacological activities of extracts or purified compounds from marine sponges that were collected in the Mediterranean Sea, one of the most biodiverse marine habitats, filling the gap in the literature about the research of natural products from this geographical area. Findings regarding different Mediterranean sponge species were individuated, reporting consistent evidence of efficacy mainly against cancer, infections, inflammatory, and neurological disorders. The sustainable exploitation of Mediterranean sponges as pharmaceutical sources is strongly encouraged to discover new compounds.

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“…Biodiversity of marine organisms that reflects on their rich chemical diversity is an important source of novel drug-lead skeletons. Sponges, among others, are one of the main sources of novel skeletons as well as of lead compounds [1,2], promising remedies in drug discovery [3,4], and biotechnological applications. It has been largely recognized that many of these marine natural products (MNPs) are produced by microorganisms associated with the sponge [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Chemical Diversity of <em>Phorbas</em> Sponges as a Source of Novel Lead Compounds in Drug Discovery

Caso¹,

Silva²,

Esposito³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Porifera, commonly referred to as marine sponges, have stood out as major producers of marine natural products (MNPs). Sponges of the genus Phorbas have attracted much attention along years. They are widespread in all continents, and several structurally unique compounds have been identified from species of this genus. Terpenes, mainly sesterterpenoids, represent the great majority of secondary metabolites isolated from Phorbas species, even though several alkaloids and steroids have also been reported. Many of these compounds have shown a variety of biological activities. Particularly, Phorbas sponges have been demonstrated to be a source of cytotoxic metabolites. In addition, MNPs exhibiting cytostatic, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities, have been isolated and structurally characterized. This work brings an overview of Phorbas secondary metabolites reported since the first study published in 1993 until 2020, and their biological activities.

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Bioactive Compounds from Marine Sponges: Fundamentals and Applications

Cited by 57 publications

References 193 publications

The Anti-Viral Applications of Marine Resources for COVID-19 Treatment: An Overview

The Anti-Viral Applications of Marine Resources for COVID-19 Treatment: An Overview

Pharmacological Activities of Extracts and Compounds Isolated from Mediterranean Sponge Sources

Exploring Chemical Diversity of <em>Phorbas</em> Sponges as a Source of Novel Lead Compounds in Drug Discovery

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