Bioacoustics reveals two new syntopic species of Adenomera Steindachner (Anura: Leptodactylidae: Leptodactylinae) in the Cerrado of central Brazil

Abstract

In this paper, we describe two syntopic species of Adenomera from the Chapada dos Veadeiros microregion, northern State of Goiás, central Brazil, recognized based on morphology, color patterns, and bioacoustics. Specimens and calls were obtained in the Municipality of Teresina de Goiás, central Brazil. Adenomera cotuba sp. nov. is diagnosed from the other 16 congeneric species by its 1) small size (adult male SVL 18.6-20.5 mm) and very robust body; 2) dorsum glandular/granular with no distinctive dorsal granular rows or dorsolateral folds; 3) black or very dark dorsal coloration with no distinctive color patterns (e.g., dorsolateral or vertebral stripes); 4) toe tips not developed into flattened disks; 5) presence of antebrachial tubercle; and 6) advertisement call consisting of a well-defined series of pulsed calls (7-32 calls/series) with progressive increment in amplitude in the first third of each call series when it reaches a sustained plateau. Adenomera juikitam sp. nov. is diagnosed from the other 16 congeneric species by its 1) dorsum profusely glandular/granular with no distinctive dorsal granular rows or dorsolateral folds; 2) dorsum with a marble-like and red coloration with no distinctive color patterns (e.g., dorsolateral or vertebral stripes); 3) toe tips not developed into flattened disks; 4) small size (adult male SVL 19.1-19.5 mm) and very robust body; and 5) long (148-202 ms) advertisement call composed of 16-21pulses. Both new taxa occur in syntopy, and our data allow us to differentiate them both in temporal (pulses/call) and spectral (frequency peaks) traits of their advertisement calls. Besides, dorsal coloration is distinctive, Adenomera cotuba sp. nov. has a black or very dark-colored dorsum, whereas Adenomera juikitam sp. nov. has a marble-like and red-colored dorsum, in addition to the presence (A. cotuba sp. nov.) or absence (A. juikitam sp. nov.) of antebrachial tubercle.

Vocalizações de Hypsiboas beckeri e H. stenocephalus (Anura: Hylidae), duas espécies do grupo de H. polytaenius do sudeste do Brasil

“…Anuran vocalizations are critical for sexual Bee 2007, Wells 2007), which have made their descriptions an important taxonomic tool (e.g., Angulo and Reichle 2008, Glaw et al 2010, Martins and Giaretta 2011, Carvalho and Giaretta 2013. Therefore, describing the calls of the remaining species and comparing topotypical data among populations might be relevant for the taxonomy of species in the Hypsiboas polytaenius group.…”

Amphibians and reptiles from southeastern Goiás, Central Brazil

“…However, this richness is underestimated since recent descriptions of several new species have been published (e.g. Giugliano et al 2013;Teixeira Jr et al 2013;Roberto et al 2013;Carvalho and Giaretta 2013). One of the main factors influencing high local and regional diversity in the Cerrado herpetofauna is the horizontal habitat stratification, with a wide range of different vegetation types (from forests to open grasslands) occurring side by side in the landscape, each one of them harboring a different set of species (Colli et al 2002;Nogueira et al 2009).…”

One step beyond a broad molecular phylogenetic analysis: Species delimitation of Adenomera marmorata Steindachner, 1867 (Anura: Leptodactylidae)

“…Comparisons with other species. Adenomera marmorata differs from A. diptyx, A. saci, and A. thomei by having endotrophic tadpoles (exotrophic in these species) [14,22,10]) The expanded toe tips (toes II-IV) of Adenomera marmorata distinguishes it from congeners with unexpanded toe tips (A. bokermanni [18], A. coca, A. cotuba, A. diptyx, A. hylaedactyla, A. juikitam, A. kweti, A. martinezi, A. phonotriccus, A. saci, and A. thomei [8-10, 14, 15, 61]).…”

“…These small leaf-litter frogs have been neglected by taxonomists because they are usually associated with morphologically cryptic species complexes (e.g. [8][9][10]). Adenomera currently comprises 21species [11] and due to its complex taxonomy, most of them were described (or revalidated) with both morphological and acoustical data assessed to corroborate the taxonomic decisions (e.g.…”