Bio-oils from biomass slow pyrolysis: A chemical and toxicological screening

Cordella, Mauro; Torri, Cristian; Adamiano, Alessio; Fabbri, Daniele; Barontini, Federica; Cozzani, Valerio

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.06.030

Cited by 79 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Biochar and aqueous products, obtained from the same pyrolysis, was used for all the anaerobic digestion tests. Chemical characterization was performed as described in Cordella et al (2012) and Busetto et al (2011). The theoretical oxygen demand (ThOD, gThOD g À1 ), accordingly to OECD guideline 301F, was calculated from elemental analysis using the following formula:…”

Section: Pyrolysis Of Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biochar enables anaerobic digestion of aqueous phase from intermediate pyrolysis of biomass

Torri

Fabbri

2014

Bioresource Technology

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Section: Pyrolysis Of Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…already phase separated, most of the APL is water soluble, and it is formed by C2-C6 sugars, hydroxyacids, oligomers and water soluble phenols (e.g. catechol), which could be envisaged as a feedstock for biological processing (Cordella et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar enables anaerobic digestion of aqueous phase from intermediate pyrolysis of biomass

Torri

Fabbri

2014

Bioresource Technology

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153

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“…A total number of 60 chemical structures were identified, including phenols and polyaromatic hydrocarbons, many of 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 which can be associated with both acute and chronic hazardous health effects. 32 Another study concluded that the toxicity of pyrolysis oils depends on both the pyrolysis method and the feedstock used. 33 Wood winegar (i.e., a water soluble fraction of slow pyrolysis oil) has also a potential to act as biocide and as plant protecting agent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compositional Characterization of Phase-Separated Pine Wood Slow Pyrolysis Oil by Negative-Ion Electrospray Ionization Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry

et al. 2015

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Chemical composition of slow pyrolysis oil made from unbarked Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) was characterized by negative-ion electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (ESI FT-ICR) mass spectrometry and various bulk analyses. The wood pieces were heated stepwise in a batch pyrolysis reactor to the target temperature of 320 °C. The resulting pyrolysis oil spontaneously separated into aqueous and oily phases. The water content of the aqueous phase was as high as 60.4 wt-%, whereas for the oily phase it was only 8.1 wt-%. The bulk O/C-ratio (on a dry basis) was more than twice as high for the aqueous phase as compared to the oily phase (0.61 vs 0.29), suggesting different chemistry between the two phases. Based on pH and total acid number measurements, the aqueous phase was more acidic than the oily phase. The ESI FT-ICR technique was used to characterize pyrolysis oils' heavier, non-volatile and thermally labile species. The total amounts of the identified chemical formulae were ~540 and ~630 for the aqueous and oily phases, respectively. The majority of the detected compounds were oxygen-containing species, representing heteroatom classes O 2 -O 14 . The O 9 -O 14 class compounds were present only in the aqueous phase.The O 2 -O 4 compounds comprised of different acids, including resin acids and several types of fatty acids, such as hydroxy fatty acids and diacids, which were concentrated in the oily phase. However, saturated fatty acids were more dominant in the aqueous phase possibly due to their increased solubility through micelle formation in a more aqueous environment. Anhydrosugars and other high oxygen-containing compounds were present only in the aqueous phase. Both phases also contained condensed aromatic compounds (pyrolytic lignin), representing heteroatom classes O 3 -O 8 .

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“…4,5 It is usually carried out under atmospheric pressure and absence of oxygen at intermediate temperatures ranged from about 300 to 600 C. Biomass contains three types of macromolecules, i.e., cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. In general, biomass can be combusted directly to provide energy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A green method to increase yield and quality of bio-oil: ultrasonic pretreatment of biomass and catalytic upgrading of bio-oil over metal (Cu, Fe and/or Zn)/γ-Al₂O₃

et al. 2015

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A green method is developed to increase the yield and quality of bio-oil by ultrasonic pretreatment of biomass followed by in situ catalytic upgrading of bio-oil over metal (Cu, Fe and/or Zn)/g-Al 2 O 3 . It is found that the yield of bio-oil is increased up to 10 wt% after cedar is pretreated by ultrasound before pyrolysis. Various metals (Cu, Fe and Zn) are loaded on g-Al 2 O 3 and applied for upgrading the bio-oil derived from the pyrolysis of pretreated cedar. It is found that the catalysts promote the conversion of oxygenated compounds into aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons. In particular, production of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene and toluene is favored. The best catalytic activity is achieved by using 2.5 wt% Zn/g-Al 2 O 3 with a maximum hydrocarbon yield of 80.3%. The catalyst is reused for up to four cycles. The results show that the catalysts after regeneration by calcination at 550 C for 30 min exhibit long-term stability for upgrading of bio-oil.

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Bio-oils from biomass slow pyrolysis: A chemical and toxicological screening

Cited by 79 publications

References 25 publications

Biochar enables anaerobic digestion of aqueous phase from intermediate pyrolysis of biomass

Biochar enables anaerobic digestion of aqueous phase from intermediate pyrolysis of biomass

Compositional Characterization of Phase-Separated Pine Wood Slow Pyrolysis Oil by Negative-Ion Electrospray Ionization Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry

A green method to increase yield and quality of bio-oil: ultrasonic pretreatment of biomass and catalytic upgrading of bio-oil over metal (Cu, Fe and/or Zn)/γ-Al₂O₃

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Bio-oils from biomass slow pyrolysis: A chemical and toxicological screening

Cited by 79 publications

References 25 publications

Biochar enables anaerobic digestion of aqueous phase from intermediate pyrolysis of biomass

Biochar enables anaerobic digestion of aqueous phase from intermediate pyrolysis of biomass

Compositional Characterization of Phase-Separated Pine Wood Slow Pyrolysis Oil by Negative-Ion Electrospray Ionization Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry

A green method to increase yield and quality of bio-oil: ultrasonic pretreatment of biomass and catalytic upgrading of bio-oil over metal (Cu, Fe and/or Zn)/γ-Al2O3

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Product

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About

A green method to increase yield and quality of bio-oil: ultrasonic pretreatment of biomass and catalytic upgrading of bio-oil over metal (Cu, Fe and/or Zn)/γ-Al₂O₃