Bio-modified carbon paste electrode for the detection of Pb(II) ions in wastewater

Abstract

Heavy metal pollution in water is a serious environmental concern. Lead is one of the highly toxic heavy metals, and its toxicity is due to its non-degradation characteristic in living organisms. The monitoring of Pb(II) ions concentrations in drinking water is essential for human health and a safe environment. In this work, bio-modified carbon paste electrodes were constructed with live cells and thermally dried biomass (extracted protein) from Pseudomonas aeruginosa cells and employed for the detection of Pb(II) ions from wastewater. The biomass and biosensor preparation and optimization, and the performance of modified biosensors in the detection of Pb(II) ions are discussed here. The effect of various parameters, like pH, biomass composition, scan rate, and metal ion concentration, were studied to obtain the best electrochemical response. Further, the active surface of the electrode and solution characteristics were studies using chronocoulometry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was done to find the functional groups present in the thermally dried biomass. From the present study, it is clear that the thermally dried protein biomass electrode has more sensitivity than the bare carbon paste electrode.

Simultaneous Electrochemical Detection of Pb and Cd by Carbon Paste Electrodes Modified by Activated Clay

“…Figures 7(a is observation can also be justified by the fact that the Cd 2+ ions are increasingly adsorbed during the study time. Previous work reveals similar behavior of heavy metals on a modified carbon graphite electrode [12]. e presence of cadmium binding sites that are still available for up to 25 minutes testifies to a particular affinity between the electrode and this analyte.…”

“…In addition, ICP-MS and ICP-AES have the drawback of pretreating the samples before analysis and with very expensive equipment maintenance cost [ 9 , 10 ]. Under another prism, the rapid reaction, the great sensitivity, and the portability relating to electrochemical methods gives them a remarkable attraction [ 11 , 12 ]. To this end, for several decades, the use and improvement of the sensitivity of electrochemical sensors to both organic pollutants and heavy metals has been of growing interest for electrochemists [ 13 ].…”

A fluorescent DNAzyme-based biosensor for the detection of lead ions using carbon quantum dots prepared from grapefruit peel

“…3 Lead ions easily accumulate in the food chain and endanger human hemoglobin synthesis, the nervous system, the cardiovascular system, and the kidneys. 4,5 To date, there are many methods available to detect lead ions, such as atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS), X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), and atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS). [6][7][8][9][10] These techniques can provide accurate analysis of lead ions with high specificity and sensitivity, but they also require expensive equipment and involve cumbersome sample preparation processes.…”

Metal-Pseudomonas veronii 2E Interactions as Strategies for Innovative Process Developments in Environmental Biotechnology

“…CPE modified with nanoparticles, nanotubes, whole cells, enzymes, etc., have shown an increase in sensitivity and selectivity ( Devnani et al, 2014 ). CPE have been modified with bacterial cells ( Yüce et al, 2011 ; Mohanraj et al, 2020 ), yeast ( Yüce et al, 2010 ; Akyilmaz et al, 2017 ), fungus ( Alpat et al, 2008 ), and plant components ( Asheri et al, 2019 ; Jackfama et al, 2019 ) and only a few are applied in environmental metal detection. A Pb(II)-microbial biosensor used Pseudomonas aeruginosa heat-dried biomass ( Yüce et al, 2011 ).…”

“…A Pb(II)-microbial biosensor used Pseudomonas aeruginosa heat-dried biomass ( Yüce et al, 2011 ). Recently, the use of live P. aeruginosa cell suspensions in combination with drop coating of the electrode has been reported regarding surface modification ( Mohanraj et al, 2020 ). For Cu(II) detection, a Circinella sp.…”