Bio-green synthesis of Ni-doped tin oxide nanoparticles and its influence on gas sensing properties

Abstract

Considering the potential applications of transition metal doped nanostructured materials and the advantages of novel, cost-effective and environmental friendly biosynthesis methods, Ni-doped SnO2 nanomaterials have been synthesized using remnant water (ideally kitchen waste) collected from soaked Bengal gram beans (Cicer arietinum L.) extract. The structural and optical properties of the Ni-doped SnO2 nanostructures were studied using various techniques such as UV/visible spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The SEM, TEM images and XRD of biosynthesized Ni-SnO2 nanoparticles reveal uniform size distribution with the average size of 6 nm and confirmed the formation of rutile structure with space group (P42/mnm) and nanocrystalline nature of the products with spherical morphology.Subsequently, Ni-doped biosynthesized SnO2 nanoparticles were coated onto the glass substrate using doctor blade method to form thin films. The NO2 sensing properties of the materials have been studied in comparison with other gases.The reported gas sensing results are promising, which suggest that the Ni-dopant is a promising noble metal additives to fabricate low cost SnO2 based sensor.

Porous 3D flower-like CoAl-LDH nanocomposite with excellent performance for NO2 detection at room temperature

“…In air (Scheme 2a), surface electrons of the samples were captured by O 2 from accepter level of the sensor, leading to the formation of ionized O 2 À . As a result, decreased the conductivity and enhanced the resistance of the sensing material (eqn (5) and (6)): 62…”

A reliable chemiresistive sensor of nickel-doped tin oxide (Ni-SnO2) for sensing carbon dioxide gas and humidity

“…20 SnO 2 has been considered as the most potent sensor material as far as sensitivity, selectivity and response are concerned. 21,22 The doping of nickel according to its size, oxidation state and concentration in tin oxide alters the sensitivity and selectivity, and nickel ions can easily occupy the tin sites because of their close ionic radii: Ni 2+ ¼ 69 nm and Sn 2+ ¼ 71 nm. Furthermore, the doping level decreases the electron density and increases the oxygen vacancies, which elevates the sensitivity greatly.…”

Synthesis of highly sensitive disordered porous SnO2 aerogel composite material by the chemical deposition method: synergistic effect of a layer of CuO thin film

“…10 Compared with other semiconductor gas sensitive materials, SnO 2 has many advantages, such as simple manufacture, fast response and recovery times, a high sensitivity to oxidation gases, etc. [11][12][13] Different methods can be used to prepare various structural SnO 2 materials, including surface modication of materials and doping of materials to improve the their performance for gas sensing. 14 The sensing properties of a gas sensor are greatly inuenced by the microstructures, grain size, morphologies, and temperature.…”