Bio-genetic analysis of resistance in tomato to early blight disease, Alternaria alternata

Alizadeh-Moghaddam, Giti; Rezayatmand, Zahra; Esfahani, Mehdi Nasr; Khozaei, Mahdı

doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112486

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The ROS signals work downstream from Ca 2+ ( Farooq et al, 2019 ) and the Ca 2+ cyt increase was associated with the upregulation of chloroplastic polyphenol oxidase F ( Solyc08g074630 ) and a peroxidase ( Solyc03g025380 ). Polyphenol oxidase upregulation is involved in tomato resistance to herbivory ( Lin et al, 2021 ) and pathogens ( Zhang and Sun, 2021 ), whereas peroxidase activity was associated to tomato resistance to early blight disease ( Alizadeh-Moghaddam et al, 2020 ). On the opposite, ubiquinol oxidase ( Solyc08g075550 ) and catalase ( Solyc01g100630 ) were downregulated in response to eDNA treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular Fragmented Self-DNA Is Involved in Plant Responses to Biotic Stress

2021

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A growing body of evidence indicates that extracellular fragmented self-DNA (eDNA), by acting as a signaling molecule, triggers inhibitory effects on conspecific plants and functions as a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP). To evaluate early and late events in DAMP-dependent responses to eDNA, we extracted, fragmented, and applied the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) eDNA to tomato leaves. Non-sonicated, intact self-DNA (intact DNA) was used as control. Early event analyses included the evaluation of plasma transmembrane potentials (Vm), cytosolic calcium variations (Ca2+cyt), the activity and subcellular localization of both voltage-gated and ligand-gated rectified K+ channels, and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) subcellular localization and quantification. Late events included RNA-Seq transcriptomic analysis and qPCR validation of gene expression of tomato leaves exposed to tomato eDNA. Application of eDNA induced a concentration-dependent Vm depolarization which was correlated to an increase in (Ca2+)cyt; this event was associated to the opening of K+ channels, with particular action on ligand-gated rectified K+ channels. Both eDNA-dependent (Ca2+)cyt and K+ increases were correlated to ROS production. In contrast, application of intact DNA produced no effects. The plant response to eDNA was the modulation of the expression of genes involved in plant–biotic interactions including pathogenesis-related proteins (PRPs), calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPK1), heat shock transcription factors (Hsf), heat shock proteins (Hsp), receptor-like kinases (RLKs), and ethylene-responsive factors (ERFs). Several genes involved in calcium signaling, ROS scavenging and ion homeostasis were also modulated by application of eDNA. Shared elements among the transcriptional response to eDNA and to biotic stress indicate that eDNA might be a common DAMP that triggers plant responses to pathogens and herbivores, particularly to those that intensive plant cell disruption or cell death. Our results suggest the intriguing hypothesis that some of the plant reactions to pathogens and herbivores might be due to DNA degradation, especially when associated to the plant cell disruption. Fragmented DNA would then become an important and powerful elicitor able to trigger early and late responses to biotic stress.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular Fragmented Self-DNA Is Involved in Plant Responses to Biotic Stress

2021

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“…Regarding the result of the antagonistic activity of cell-free supernatants to different concentrations, differences among Alternaria isolates can be explained by variability at the genetic level, mainly associated with fungicide-resistance genes [52,53]. This could also explain the observed differences in growth rate per day.…”

Section: Production Kinetics Of Antifungal Activity In Cell-free Supe...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antagonistic Activity of Macrolepiota sp. CS185 against Post-Harvest Fungi of Fig Fruits (Ficus carica L.)

Gutiérrez-Soto,

López-Sandin,

Hernández Ochoa

et al. 2024

Microbiology Research

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Macrolepiota sp. CS185 is a basidiomycete with high potential as a biocontrol agent against various phytopathogenic fungi. Regardless of its pronounced potential as a post-harvest fungi biocontrol agent, its activity in tomato seedlings infected with Alternaria alternata has not been well studied. Thus, the present work aimed to evaluate the cultures and supernatants’ antagonistic activity against fig fruits’ post-harvest fungi and antifungal activity production kinetics. The culture antagonistic characteristics were assessed through multiple confrontations, the supernatant concentration effect, and the kinetics of antagonistic action. The multiple confrontations showed differences (p ≤ 0.05) among phytopathogens and over time, with Colletotrichum sp. 2 being the most susceptible. Based on the 9-day incubation profile, the treatment fractions supplemented with a 50% concentration of Macrolepiota sp. CS185 supernatants showed a higher inhibition percentage (%In). Except for Alternaria alternata 1 and 2, the rest of the isolates showed a similar decrease in antagonistic activity up to a certain extent over time. Among all tested strains, Colletotrichum sp. 2 was found with a higher susceptibility. Regarding the production kinetics of antagonistic activity, a triple interaction was observed between the phytopathogen, the age of the Macrolepiota sp. CS 185 culture, and incubation time. In addition, changes in the mycelium growth rate (p ≤ 0.05) along with the higher activity in the supernatants of 20 and 30 days were observed and suggested the production of multiple bioactive metabolites. These results indicate that Macrolepiota sp. CS185 produces antifungal metabolites at different times and could be a suitable candidate to control fig fruits’ post-harvest fungi issues.

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“…Peroxidase (POD) activity was determined using the guaiacol method [19]. Catalase (CAT) activity was determined using ultraviolet absorption spectrometry [20]. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content was determined using the glucosinolate barbituric acid colorimetric method [21].…”

Section: Physiological Index Of Cadmium Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome Profiles of Leaves and Roots of Goldenrain Tree (Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm.) in Response to Cadmium Stress

Zhou

Sun

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Cadmium (Cd) pollution is a widespread environmental problem. In this study, we explored the transcriptome and biochemical responses of goldenrain tree (Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm.) leaves and roots to Cd stress. Leaf and root growth decreased substantially under Cd stress (50 mg/L CdCl2), but leaf and root antioxidant mechanisms were significantly activated. In RNA-seq analysis, roots treated with 25 mg/L CdCl2 featured enriched GO terms in cellular components related to intracellular ribonucleoprotein complex, ribonucleoprotein complex, and macromolecular complex. In leaves under Cd stress, most differentially expressed genes were enriched in the cellular component terms intrinsic component of membrane and membrane part. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis and analysis of module–trait relations revealed candidate genes associated with superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) activities and malondialdehyde (MDA). Ten transcription factors responded to Cd stress expression, including those in C2H2, MYB, WRKY, and bZIP families. Transcriptomic analysis of goldenrain tree revealed that Cd stress rapidly induced the intracellular ribonucleoprotein complex in the roots and the intrinsic component of membrane in the leaves. The results also indicate directions for further analyses of molecular mechanisms of Cd tolerance and accumulation in goldenrain tree.

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Bio-genetic analysis of resistance in tomato to early blight disease, Alternaria alternata

Cited by 23 publications

References 40 publications

Extracellular Fragmented Self-DNA Is Involved in Plant Responses to Biotic Stress

Extracellular Fragmented Self-DNA Is Involved in Plant Responses to Biotic Stress

Antagonistic Activity of Macrolepiota sp. CS185 against Post-Harvest Fungi of Fig Fruits (Ficus carica L.)

Transcriptome Profiles of Leaves and Roots of Goldenrain Tree (Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm.) in Response to Cadmium Stress

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