Bio-Enzyme Hybrid with Nanomaterials: A Potential Cargo as Sustainable Biocatalyst

Tan, Wan Yuen; Gopinath, Subash C. B.; Anbu, Periasamy; Yaakub, Ahmad Radi Wan; Subramaniam, Sreeramanan; Chen, Yeng; Sasidharan, Sreenivasan

doi:10.3390/su15097511

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…Nanotechnology pretreatment methods have been considered the best option for delignification, as these pretreatment methods are cost-effective because the immobilized enzymes are easily retrievable and reusable [91,92]. Depending on the type of nanomaterial used, a few drawbacks of nanotechnology pretreatment methods include their potential poor dispersion abilities of some nanoparticles (due to the difficulty of dispersing in the aqueous solution, where hydronium ions are not effective) [93], and biocatalyst desorption could arise due to the weak bonds [94].…”

Section: Pretreatment Methods Of Lignocellulosementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cost-effective operation of lignocellulose biorefinery will incline if these challenges are abated and all three constituents (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) of lignocellulose are efficiently converted into value-added products. Nanotechnology, where enzyme immobilization is used in delignification, could be the best pretreatment technology for solving the bottlenecks of by-product inhibition [94]. Reports have shown that feedback inhibition can be minimized by removing sugars during saccharification using electrodialysis, avoiding cellobiose accumulation, and optimizing enzymatic activities during hydrolysis [220,221].…”

Section: Challenges and Alleviation Strategies In Upcycling Lignocell...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Overview of Lignocellulose and Its Biotechnological Importance in High-Value Product Production

Ojo

2023

Fermentation

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Lignocellulose consists of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin and is a sustainable feedstock for a biorefinery to generate marketable biomaterials like biofuels and platform chemicals. Enormous tons of lignocellulose are obtained from agricultural waste, but a few tons are utilized due to a lack of awareness of the biotechnological importance of lignocellulose. Underutilizing lignocellulose could also be linked to the incomplete use of cellulose and hemicellulose in biotransformation into new products. Utilizing lignocellulose in producing value-added products alleviates agricultural waste disposal management challenges. It also reduces the emission of toxic substances into the environment, which promotes a sustainable development goal and contributes to circular economy development and economic growth. This review broadly focused on lignocellulose in the production of high-value products. The aspects that were discussed included: (i) sources of lignocellulosic biomass; (ii) conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into value-added products; and (iii) various bio-based products obtained from lignocellulose. Additionally, several challenges in upcycling lignocellulose and alleviation strategies were discussed. This review also suggested prospects using lignocellulose to replace polystyrene packaging with lignin-based packaging products, the production of crafts and interior decorations using lignin, nanolignin in producing environmental biosensors and biomimetic sensors, and processing cellulose and hemicellulose with the addition of nutritional supplements to meet dietary requirements in animal feeding.

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Section: Pretreatment Methods Of Lignocellulosementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Challenges and Alleviation Strategies In Upcycling Lignocell...mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Lignocellulose and Its Biotechnological Importance in High-Value Product Production

Ojo

2023

Fermentation

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“…Recently, attempts have been made to develop catalytic systems that combine the features of biocatalysts and metallic nanomaterials [35,43]. Because of their small size, large surface area [44], and quantum size effects, metal-based nanomaterials, particularly noble metals such as gold, platinum, and palladium, are well suited for this purpose. These nanomaterials can facilitate charge transport, enzyme delivery, and the control of enzymatic activity.…”

Section: Metal Nanomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Synthesis of Biocatalysts Based on Nanocarriers Promises an Effective Role in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Fields

Khafaga,

Radwan,

Muteeb

et al. 2023

Catalysts

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Nanobiocatalysts (NBCs) are a promising new class of biocatalysts that combine the advantages of enzymes and nanomaterials. Enzymes are biological catalysts that are highly selective and efficient, but they can be unstable in harsh environments. Nanomaterials, on the other hand, are small particles with unique properties that can improve the stability, activity, and selectivity of enzymes. The development of NBCs has been driven by the need for more sustainable and environmentally friendly bioprocessing methods. Enzymes are inherently green catalysts, but they can be expensive and difficult to recover and reuse. NBCs can address these challenges by providing a stable and reusable platform for enzymes. One of the key challenges in the development of NBCs is the immobilization of enzymes on nanomaterials. Enzyme immobilization is a process that attaches enzymes to a solid support, which can protect the enzymes from harsh environments and make them easier to recover and reuse. There are many different methods for immobilizing enzymes, and the choice of method depends on the specific enzyme and nanomaterial being used. This review explores the effective role of NBCs in pharmaceutical and biomedical fields.

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“…Compared to conventional matrices, nanocarriers feature an ease of surface modification, enhanced stability, and reusability [11,12]. Metallic nanoparticles have gained particular recognition due to their high surface-to-volume ratio, strength, reactivity, and chemical inertness [13,14]. One of the examples may be iron oxide nanoparticles, further distinguished by their superparamagnetic properties and biocompatibility, which were discussed by Mohamed et al [15] to immobilize horseradish peroxidase (HRP).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Support Materials of Organic and Inorganic Origin as Platforms for Horseradish Peroxidase Immobilization: Comparison Study for High Stability and Activity Recovery

Bilal,

Degorska,

Szada

et al. 2024

Molecules

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In the presented study, a variety of hybrid and single nanomaterials of various origins were tested as novel platforms for horseradish peroxidase immobilization. A thorough characterization was performed to establish the suitability of the support materials for immobilization, as well as the activity and stability retention of the biocatalysts, which were analyzed and discussed. The physicochemical characterization of the obtained systems proved successful enzyme deposition on all the presented materials. The immobilization of horseradish peroxidase on all the tested supports occurred with an efficiency above 70%. However, for multi-walled carbon nanotubes and hybrids made of chitosan, magnetic nanoparticles, and selenium ions, it reached up to 90%. For these materials, the immobilization yield exceeded 80%, resulting in high amounts of immobilized enzymes. The produced system showed the same optimal pH and temperature conditions as free enzymes; however, over a wider range of conditions, the immobilized enzymes showed activity of over 50%. Finally, a reusability study and storage stability tests showed that horseradish peroxidase immobilized on a hybrid made of chitosan, magnetic nanoparticles, and selenium ions retained around 80% of its initial activity after 10 repeated catalytic cycles and after 20 days of storage. Of all the tested materials, the most favorable for immobilization was the above-mentioned chitosan-based hybrid material. The selenium additive present in the discussed material gives it supplementary properties that increase the immobilization yield of the enzyme and improve enzyme stability. The obtained results confirm the applicability of these nanomaterials as useful platforms for enzyme immobilization in the contemplation of the structural stability of an enzyme and the high catalytic activity of fabricated biocatalysts.

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Bio-Enzyme Hybrid with Nanomaterials: A Potential Cargo as Sustainable Biocatalyst

Cited by 7 publications

References 105 publications

An Overview of Lignocellulose and Its Biotechnological Importance in High-Value Product Production

An Overview of Lignocellulose and Its Biotechnological Importance in High-Value Product Production

Green Synthesis of Biocatalysts Based on Nanocarriers Promises an Effective Role in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Fields

Support Materials of Organic and Inorganic Origin as Platforms for Horseradish Peroxidase Immobilization: Comparison Study for High Stability and Activity Recovery

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