Bio-elastomers based on polyocimene synthesized<i>via</i>coordination polymerization using neodymium-based catalytic systems

Valencia, Luis; Enríquez-Medrano, Francisco Javier; González, Héctor Ricardo López; Handa, Rishab; Caballero, Hened Saade; Carrizales, Ricardo Mendoza; Olivares‐Romero, José Luis; León, Ramón Díaz de

doi:10.1039/d0ra06583h

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This catalytic system is known to polymerize dienes with high cis microstructure control [ 26 ]. NdV 3 is the catalyst, while Al(iBu) 2 H is an alkylaluminium acting as a co-catalyst acting as Lewis’s acid abstracting alkyl groups from the Nd molecule, thus creating active sites, and Me 2 SiCl 2 is a halide donor that promotes catalytic activity and stereocontrol [ 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Vulcanization of Polymyrcene and Polyfarnesene Bio-Based Rubbers: Influence of the Chemical Structure over the Vulcanization Process and Mechanical Properties

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The overuse of fossil-based resources to produce thermoplastic materials and rubbers is dramatically affecting the environment, reflected in its clearest way as global warming. As a way of reducing this, multiple efforts are being undertaken including the use of more sustainable alternatives, for instance, those of natural origin as the main feedstock alternative, therefore having a lower carbon footprint. Contributing to this goal, the synthesis of bio-based rubbers based on β-myrcene and trans-β-farnesene was addressed in this work. Polymyrcene (PM) and polyfarnesene (PF) were synthesized via coordination polymerization using a neodymium-based catalytic system, and their properties were compared to the conventional polybutadiene (PB) and polyisoprene (PI) also obtained via coordination polymerization. Moreover, different average molecular weights were also tested to elucidate the influence over the materials’ properties. The crosslinking of the rubbers was carried out via conventional and efficient vulcanization routes, comparing the final properties of the crosslinking network of bio-based PM and PF with the conventional fossil-based PB and PI. Though the mechanical properties of the crosslinked rubbers improved as a function of molecular weight, the chemical structure of PM and PF (with 2 and 3 unsaturated double bonds, respectively) produced a crosslinking network with lower mechanical properties than those obtained by PB and PI (with 1 unsaturated double bond). The current work contributes to the understanding of improvements (in terms of crosslinking parameters) that are required to produce competitive rubber with good sustainability/performance balance.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Vulcanization of Polymyrcene and Polyfarnesene Bio-Based Rubbers: Influence of the Chemical Structure over the Vulcanization Process and Mechanical Properties

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, the employed catalytic system is sensitive to deactivation because of impurities such as water. NdV 3 is one of the most reported rare earth metal-based catalysts and several studies have already been published about its application to polymerize terpenes with good control of macro- and microstructures [ 5 , 6 , 34 , 35 , 36 ], including the in-situ preparation of nanocomposites including graphene oxide [ 37 ]. The mechanism of a conventional coordination reaction comprises the steps of catalyst activation, initiation, propagation, and chain transfer [ 38 , 39 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fully Bio-Based Elastomer Nanocomposites Comprising Polyfarnesene Reinforced with Plasma-Modified Cellulose Nanocrystals

Magaña¹,

Georgouvelas

Handa

et al. 2021

Polymers

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article proposes a process to prepare fully bio-based elastomer nanocomposites based on polyfarnesene and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC). To improve the compatibility of cellulose with the hydrophobic matrix of polyfarnesene, the surface of CNC was modified via plasma-induced polymerization, at different powers of the plasma generator, using a trans-β-farnesene monomer in the plasma reactor. The characteristic features of plasma surface-modified CNC have been corroborated by spectroscopic (XPS) and microscopic (AFM) analyses. Moreover, the cellulose nanocrystals modified at 150 W have been selected to reinforce polyfarnesene-based nanocomposites, synthesized via an in-situ coordination polymerization using a neodymium-based catalytic system. The effect of the different loading content of nanocrystals on the polymerization behavior, as well as on the rheological aspects, was evaluated. The increase in the storage modulus with the incorporation of superficially modified nanocrystals was demonstrated by rheological measurements and these materials exhibited better properties than those containing pristine cellulose nanocrystals. Moreover, we elucidate that the viscoelastic moduli of the elastomer nanocomposites are aligned with power–law model systems with characteristic relaxation time scales similar to commercial nanocomposites, also implying tunable mechanical properties. In this foreground, our findings have important implications in the development of fully bio-based nanocomposites in close competition with the commercial stock, thereby producing alternatives in favor of sustainable materials.

show abstract

“…Polyterpenes have been proposed to replace (at least partially) synthetic polydienes, such as PI and PB, and have potential to be applied for the manufacture of tires, seals, and O-rings. 26–28 Polyterpenes can be synthesized via radical (free and controlled), anionic, cationic, and coordination pathways. The presence of conjugated double bonds in their structures allows them to be polymerized and crosslinked using the reaction systems applied for fossil-based conjugated diene-type monomers, which are already known industrially.…”

Section: Types Of Bioelastomers and Their Synthetic Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioelastomers: current state of development

Alonso¹,

Enríquez-Medrano²,

Kumar

et al. 2022

J. Mater. Chem. A

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Bio-elastomers based on polyocimene synthesizedviacoordination polymerization using neodymium-based catalytic systems

Abstract: Towards the development of eco-friendly alternatives of elastomeric materials, herein we report the synthesis of polyocimene via coordination polymerization.

Cited by 7 publications

References 28 publications

Synthesis and Vulcanization of Polymyrcene and Polyfarnesene Bio-Based Rubbers: Influence of the Chemical Structure over the Vulcanization Process and Mechanical Properties

Synthesis and Vulcanization of Polymyrcene and Polyfarnesene Bio-Based Rubbers: Influence of the Chemical Structure over the Vulcanization Process and Mechanical Properties

Fully Bio-Based Elastomer Nanocomposites Comprising Polyfarnesene Reinforced with Plasma-Modified Cellulose Nanocrystals

Bioelastomers: current state of development

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About