Bio-efficacy of chitinolytic Bacillus thuringiensis isolates native to northwestern Indian Himalayas and their synergistic toxicity with selected insecticides

Subbanna, A. R. N. S.; Chandrashekara, C.; Stanley, J.; Mishra, Krishna Kant; Mishra, Pankaj Kumar; Pattanayak, A.

doi:10.1016/j.pestbp.2019.05.005

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Similarly, Shabbir et al (2021) found that the combination of B. thuringiensis (LC 50 ) + chlorantraniliprole (LC 50 ) was more toxic than the individual treatment, suggesting that synergistic interaction presents between B. thuringiensis and chlorantraniliprole. Likewise, synergistic interaction was also observed between B. thuringiensis and the insecticides, cypermethrin, profenophos, chlorpyriphos, indoxacarb, and spinosad against H. armigera (Duraimurugan and Regupathy, 2004;Subbanna et al, 2019)…”

Section: Joint Action Of Combinationsmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Biochemical Basis of Synergism between Entomopathogens and Insecticide Spinetoram against Plutella xylostella (L.)

Tamilselvan¹,

JS²

2022

MAJ

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Increasing incidences of insecticide resistance in diamondback moth Plutella xylostella (L.), the most ravaging pest of cruciferous vegetables, have stimulated interest in alternative pest management strategies. In this study, we have developed a spinetoram-resistant population of P. xylostella and examined the single and combined toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki and Beauveria bassiana with spinetoram. Additionally, enzyme activities were tested to study the influence of biopesticides in the mitigation of detoxifying enzymes. P. xylostella has developed high level of resistance (174.06-fold) against spinetoram after 16 generations of selection. B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki and B. bassiana exhibited high toxicity to spinetoram-resistant population of P. xylostella. Synergism was observed between B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki + spinetoram and B. bassiana + spinetoram with co-toxicity factor of 30.23 and 22.51, respectively. The joint application of spinetoram + B. bassiana and spinetoram + B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki resulted in suppression of mixed-function oxidase activity by 7.93 to 9.23 per cent and carboxyl-esterase activity by 5.64 to 6.18 per cent. Mixtures of biopesticides with spinetoram exhibited synergistic effects and may aid the design of new combinations of management strategies to delay resistant development in P. xylostella.

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Section: Joint Action Of Combinationsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The joint action bioassays were accompanied by the spinetoram and the biopesticides alone for better comparison. The value of the co-toxicity factor given by Subbanna et al (2019) was used to describe the joint toxicity of mixtures.…”

Section: Joint Action Of Spinetoram and Biopesticidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical Basis of Synergism between Entomopathogens and Insecticide Spinetoram against Plutella xylostella (L.)

Tamilselvan¹,

JS²

2022

MAJ

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“…The standard modified CTAB method described by Subbanna et al (2019) was followed for extraction of genomic DNA from the insect specimens. The three pairs of legs were ground in liquid nitrogen by autoclaved pestle and mortar and the crushed material was transferred to a micro-centrifuge tube.…”

Section: Dna Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of the Native Small Carpenter Bees (Ceratina Spp.) of North Western, Indian Himalayas

BHAT¹,

SUBBANNA²,

STANLEY³

et al. 2022

AJMBES

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Bees are a wonderful creatures on earth; contributing to 73% of pollination services provided byall animals. Although the economic value of domesticated bees is calculated through several scientificmethods, but the actual value of wild bees in terms of economy, ecology and biodiversity are rarelyestimated due to lack of distinct taxonomic keys. Considering the above backdrops, we decided tomolecularly characterize three species of Ceratina native to Indian Himalayas. Three species were reportedas C. sutepensis, C. smaragdula and C. similima based on phylogenetic analysis and comparison with the NCBIdatabase. The COI sequence of C. similima was submitted to the NCBI database for the first time. Nucleotidefrequency analysis showed that partial COI gene sequences were A+T biased (>75%), while the amino acidfrequency analysis showed higher frequency of leucine (16.01%) and serine (11.77%). Multiple sequencealignment of COI sequences of three species illustrated the total variation in 117 SNPâs. Moreover, thepairwise genetic distance analysis reported that C. sutepensis and C.smaragdulawere genetically less distantwhen compared toC. similima. Suchkinds of studies are essential to analyze the biodiversity of location,distinguish cryptic species and develop distinct taxonomic tools for integrative taxonomy of bees.

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“…The spore and colony characters were morphologically characterised with the help of several taxonomic references (Goettel and Inglis 1997;Tzean 1997;Woudenberg et al 2015). For molecular characterisation, the DNA was isolated from both reproductive conidia and vegetative mycelium by modified CTAB method developed by Subbanna et al (2019). The three gene fragments: ITS (internal transcribed spacer region), GAPDH (glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase), and LSU (large subunit ribosomal RNA gene), were amplified using primer pairs ITS1/ITS4 (White et al 1990), gpd1/gpd2 (Berbee et al 1999), and LR5/LROR (Schoch et al 2009), respectively, in a thermo-cycler (Eppendorf Mastercycler V ProTM).…”

Section: Morphological and Molecular Characterisation Of The Fungusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternaria alternata strain VLH1: a potential entomopathogenic fungus native to North Western Indian Himalayas

Paschapur

Subbanna

Singh

et al. 2022

Egypt J Biol Pest Control

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Background The inadvertent observation of a substantial population reduction of greenhouse whiteflies infecting Salvia divinorum plants grown in a polyhouse sparked a flurry of inquiries on the cause of the population decline. The entomopathogenic fungus (EPF) (Alternaria alternata strain VLH1) infecting greenhouse whitefly on S. divinorum plants was isolated and morphologically and molecularly characterised using multilocus sequence typing. Results The fungus was found to be highly virulent against sucking pests; with LC50 values ranging from 1.7 × 104 to 2.5 × 106 spores per ml for the Mustard aphid (Lipaphis erysimi Kaltenbach) and soybean sucking bug (Chauliops choprai Sweet and Schaeffer), respectively. In the lepidopteran larvae treated with a concentration of 3 × 105 spores per ml, the fungus induced developmental abnormalities such as aberrant larval to pupal moulting, defective pupae, and deformed adults. Pathogenicity studies on the two beneficial insects (Coccinella septempunctata (Linn.) and Apis mellifera L.) and 11 host plants revealed no disease signs, indicating that it is safe for use in pest management in hill agriculture. The chitinolytic activity of the fungus and its crude protein extracts was reported in studies conducted against target insect pests, with the highest chitinase enzyme production (117.7 U/ml) on the fourth day of inoculation. Furthermore, over a 96-h period, third instar Helicoverpa armigera (Hubn.) larvae fed on a protein fraction-amended artificial diet showed a significant decrease in nutritional physiology indices such as relative growth rate, relative consumption rate, efficiency of ingested food conversion, efficiency of digested food conversion, and approximate digestibility. Moreover, the polyhouse and open-field studies against two sucking pests; Myzus persicae (Sulz.) infesting capsicum in polyhouse and L. erysimi infesting Indian rapeseed in open-field conditions showed, 81.14% and 63.14% mortality rates, respectively, at 3 × 107 spore/ml concentration. Conclusions Entomopathogenic fungus (EPF) was reported to be an effective biocontrol agent, which caused direct mortality in sucking pests to developmental abnormalities in lepidopteran insects. Despite positive findings in in vitro and in vivo bioassay investigations against various insect pests, the fungus still has to be inspected before it can be used on a broad scale for biological pest management.

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Bio-efficacy of chitinolytic Bacillus thuringiensis isolates native to northwestern Indian Himalayas and their synergistic toxicity with selected insecticides

Cited by 13 publications

References 34 publications

Biochemical Basis of Synergism between Entomopathogens and Insecticide Spinetoram against Plutella xylostella (L.)

Biochemical Basis of Synergism between Entomopathogens and Insecticide Spinetoram against Plutella xylostella (L.)

Molecular Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of the Native Small Carpenter Bees (Ceratina Spp.) of North Western, Indian Himalayas

Alternaria alternata strain VLH1: a potential entomopathogenic fungus native to North Western Indian Himalayas

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