Bio‐diesel lubricity: correlation study with residual acidity

Sarin, Rakesh K.; Arora, Ajay; Ranjan, Rajeev; Gupta, Anurag; Malhotra, Ravinder

doi:10.1002/ls.40

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…The phospholipids being surface active compounds provide phosphorus soaps at the mating surfaces and improve lubricating performance. 38,39 The better lubricity of biodiesel provides smoother wear scar surfaces compared to the wear scar surfaces lubricated by diesel, as shown in Figure 4(a) to (e) for higher load and in Figure 4(h) to (l) for lower loads. It can also be observed from the trend that the rate of increase in COF for B40 with applied load is higher than expected.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Analysis of tribological performance of biodiesel

Kumar¹,

Varun

Chauhan

2014

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J:

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Biodiesel is a promising alternative among the different fuels put forward as a substitute for diesel fuel. One important issue in internal combustion engines is the lubrication of the equipments which are lubricated by the fuel itself. Previous studies have shown that biodiesel possesses excellent inherent lubricity. However, biodiesel is susceptible to oxidation reactions due to the presence of unsaturation in its moiety. These reactions are accelerated in the presence of oxygen and high temperatures and may alter the lubrication characteristics. In this particular research work, an investigation has been made to assess the impact of load, temperature, and biodiesel concentration upon friction and wear in the four-ball wear machine. The effect of individual parameter utilizing other biodiesels has already been presented elsewhere. The current study demonstrates the response of biodiesel and oxidized biodiesel with combined variation of operating parameters. The selected temperatures and loads were 45-60-75 C and 40-50-60 kg, respectively. The tests were conducted with diesel (B0), B20 (20% jatropha methyl ester by volume), B40, B100, and oxidized biodiesel. It was found that these variables not only individually but also collectively affect the tribological performance of biodiesel.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Analysis of tribological performance of biodiesel

Kumar¹,

Varun

Chauhan

2014

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J:

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“…Finally we have that, although this new biofuel is outside the EN 14214 standard, several papers have demonstrated that monoglycerides enhance the lubricity of fuels respect to standard biodiesel [41][42][43][44][45]. Thus, its incorporation to the market of biofuels has not currently any technical limitation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In this respect, some studies have also demonstrated that minor components of biodiesel, usually considered contaminants under the biodiesel standard EN 14214, including free fatty acids and monoacyl glycerol, are essentially responsible for the lubricity of low-levels blends of biodiesel and petrodiesel. Pure FAME exhibit reduced lubricity compared to the biodiesel containing these compounds [41][42][43][44][45]. The presence of greater quantities of monoglycerides and/or free fatty acids enhances the lubricity of biodiesel, which is another key feature of this novel biofuel that incorporates high amounts of monoglycerides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofuel that Keeps Glycerol as Monoglyceride by 1,3-Selective Ethanolysis with Pig Pancreatic Lipase Covalently Immobilized on AlPO4 Support

et al. 2013

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By using pig pancreatic lipase (EC 3.1.1.3 or PPL) as a biocatalyst, covalently immobilized on amorphous AlPO 4 support, a new second generation biodiesel was obtained in the transesterification reaction of sunflower oil with ethanol. The resulting biofuel is composed of fatty acid ethyl esters and monoglycerides (FAEE/MG) blended in a 2:1 molar ratio. This novel product, which integrates glycerol as monoacylglycerols (MG) into the biofuels composition, has similar physicochemical properties as conventional biodiesel and also avoids the removal step of the by-product by washing of the biodiesel with water. Immobilization of PPL was achieved by covalent attachment of the ε-amino group of the lysine residues of PPL with the aldehyde groups of p-hydroxybenzaldehyde linked on a hybrid organic-inorganic functionalized AlPO 4 surface. With this procedure, the PPL biocatalyst was strongly fixed to the inorganic support surface (94.3%). Nevertheless, the efficiency of the immobilized enzyme was relatively lower compared to that of the free PPL, but it showed a remarkable stability as well as a great capacity of reutilization (25 reuses) without a significant loss of its initial OPEN ACCESSEnergies 2013, 6 3880 catalytic activity. Therefore, this enzymatic method allows the production of a biodiesel which integrates the glycerol, allows a more efficient fabrication method and minimizes the waste production as compared to the conventional alkali-catalyzed process.

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“…Oxidized biodiesel showed improved lubricity, compared to its non-oxidized counterpart (Wain and Perez, 2002). Sarin et al (2007) pointed that the variation in the lubricating performance of biodiesel could be better linked to its residual acidity than to variation in fatty acid composition. It was argued by Fernando et al (2007) that analyses did not indicate any significant correlation between fatty acid content or degree of saturation and lubricity.…”

Section: Correlation Between the Chemical Structure Of The Oil And Itmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between the chemical structure of biodiesel and its physical properties

Refaat

2009

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

271

129

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ABSTRACT:Biodiesel is a renewable, biodegradable, environmentally benign, energy efficient, substitution fuel which can fulfill energy security needs without sacrificing engine's operational performance. Thus it provides a feasible solution to the twin crises of fossil fuel depletion and environmental degradation. The properties of the various individual fatty esters that comprise biodiesel determine the overall properties of the biodiesel fuel. In turn, the properties of the various fatty esters are determined by the structural features of the fatty acid and the alcohol moieties that comprise a fatty ester. Better understanding of the structure-physical property relationships in fatty acid esters is of particular importance when choosing vegetable oils that will give the desired biodiesel quality. By having accurate knowledge of the influence of the molecular structure on the properties determined, the composition of the oils and the alcohol used can both be selected to give the optimal performance. In this paper the relationship between the chemical structure and physical properties of vegetable oil esters is reviewed and engineering fatty acid profiles to optimize biodiesel fuel characteristics is highlighted.

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Bio‐diesel lubricity: correlation study with residual acidity

Cited by 17 publications

References 11 publications

Analysis of tribological performance of biodiesel

Analysis of tribological performance of biodiesel

Biofuel that Keeps Glycerol as Monoglyceride by 1,3-Selective Ethanolysis with Pig Pancreatic Lipase Covalently Immobilized on AlPO4 Support

Correlation between the chemical structure of biodiesel and its physical properties

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