Bio-catalytic nanocompartments for in situ production of glucose-6-phosphate

Abstract

Cells are sophisticated biocatalytic systems driving a complex network of biochemical reactions. A bioinspired strategy to create advanced functional systems is to design confined spaces for complex enzymatic reactions by using a combination of synthetic polymer assemblies and natural cell components. Here, we developed bio-catalytic nanocompartments that contain phosphoglucomutase protected by a biomimetic polymer membrane, which was permeabilized for reactants through insertion of an engineered α-hemolysin pore protein. These bio-catalytic nanocompartments serve for production of glucose-6-phosphate, and thus possess great potential for applications in an incomplete glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, or in plant biological reactions.

Biomolecule–polymer hybrid compartments: combining the best of both worlds

“…Recent advances in polymer chemistry moved these synthetic membranes closer to their biological inspiration, thus allowing the successful insertion of several proteins like a-hemolysin, 85 Bacteriorhodopsin 86 or AquaporinZ 87 into polymeric membranes. Nevertheless, the reconstitution of membrane proteins in polymer membranes remains extremely complex as it requires a high stability of the protein, adapted surfactant and pH conditions 88 and strategies to deal with the hydrophobic size mismatch between the protein and the synthetic membrane.…”

Therapeutic Nanoreactors as In Vivo Nanoplatforms for Cancer Therapy

“…Nanoreactors are defined as nanocompartments characterized with ac onfined reaction space that contains immobilized catalysts such as enzymes, proteins, enzyme-mimics, and so forth and are able to produce functionalp roducts locally. [1] Ad iverse range of technical applications based on nanoreactors,i ncluding organic synthesis, [2] nanoparticle synthesis, [3] polymerization, [4] andb iomedical applications, [5] have been explored. Typically,n anoreactors have been demonstrated to possess numerous advantageso ver conventional barec atalysts particularly in variousb iomedical applications.…”

“…A diverse range of technical applications based on nanoreactors, including organic synthesis, nanoparticle synthesis, polymerization, and biomedical applications, have been explored. Typically, nanoreactors have been demonstrated to possess numerous advantages over conventional bare catalysts particularly in various biomedical applications . For example, the loaded catalysts by the nanoreactors can be protected from the surrounding harsh environments to avoid their possible degradation or inactivation.…”

Evolving polymersomes autonomously generated in and regulated by a semibatch pH oscillator

“…4 Compared to lipid-based amphiphiles, amphiphilic copolymers possess higher molecular weights and allow a broader choice of chemistry, which not only endows polymersomes with enhanced stability, toughness, and tuneable physical and chemical properties, but also with various introduced functionalities for the development of stimuli (thermal, redox, light and pH) responsive and artificially engineered polymersomes. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] In addition, the technique of polymerization induced self-assembly (PISA) [12][13][14][15][16] provides a facile one-pot approach for the de novo synthesis of polymersomes from simpler components without using complicated, multi-step procedures. Here the ongoing polymerization of the hydrophobic block onto the hydrophilic chain, and as the packing parameter of the amphiphiles changes, induces a dynamic morphology evolution.…”