Bio-based squalene production by Aurantiochytrium sp. through optimization of culture conditions, and elucidation of the putative biosynthetic pathway genes

Zhang, Aiqing; Xie, Yunxuan; He, Yaodong; Wang, Weijun; Sen, Biswarup; Wang, Guangyi

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121415

Cited by 42 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Today, thraustochytrids appear as sustainable and promising sources of squalene, more sustainable than shark livers and easier to process than plants or bacteria that have generally lower amount of squalene. Indeed, and depending on the growth medium, the squalene content of thraustochytrids can be higher than 10 mg/g dry weight [116], which may represent about 30-50 mg/g of oil, assuming that oil can represent up to 30-50% of the dry weight (see above section 3.2). By comparison, olive oil, one of the most squalene-rich vegetable oil, contains about 1.5-1.7 mg/g [117].…”

Section: Carotenoids Sterols and Squalenementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, many thraustochytrids have been analyzed for their squalene content, which may strongly vary from one strain to another. In many studies, the genus Aurantiochytrium appears as the most promising [6,31,44,116,118,119]. For example, A. limacinum displays five times more squalene than its close relative H. fermentalgiana [6].…”

Section: Carotenoids Sterols and Squalenementioning

confidence: 99%

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The lipid metabolism in thraustochytrids

Morabito

Bournaud

Maës

et al. 2019

Progress in Lipid Research

130

100

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Thraustochytrids are unicellular heterotrophic marine protists of the Stramenopile group, often considered as non-photosynthetic microalgae. They have been isolated from a wide range of habitats including deep sea, but are mostly present in waters rich in sediments and organic materials. They are abundant in mangrove forests where they are major colonizers, feeding on decaying leaves and initiating the mangrove food web. Discovered 80 years ago, they have recently attracted considerable attention due to their biotechnological potential. This interest arises from their fast growth, their specific lipid metabolism and the improvement of the genetic tools and transformation techniques. These organisms are particularly rich in ω3-docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an 'essential' fatty acid poorly encountered in land plants and animals but required for human health. To produce their DHA they use a complex system different from the classical fatty acid synthase system. They are also a potential source of squalene and carotenoids. Here we review our current knowledge about the life cycle, ecophysiology, and metabolism of these organisms, with a particular focus on lipid dynamics. We describe the different pathways involved in lipid and fatty acid syntheses, emphasizing their specificity, and we report on the recent efforts aimed to engineer their lipid metabolism.

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Section: Carotenoids Sterols and Squalenementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Carotenoids Sterols and Squalenementioning

confidence: 99%

The lipid metabolism in thraustochytrids

Morabito

Bournaud

Maës

et al. 2019

Progress in Lipid Research

130

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Geographically, most of the thraustochytrid strains were isolated from subtropical and temperate areas, including coastal waters in Malaysia (Manikan et al 2015), Japan (Taoka et al 2010), China (Zhang et al 2019a) and Great Britain (Marchan et al 2017). In recent years, isolation experiments have been carried out in high-latitude habitats, including, but not limited to, the waters of South Australia (Chang et al 2012), the coastal waters of Canada and the Antarctic (Shene et al 2020), and the northern coast of Iceland (Stefánsson et al 2019).…”

Section: Distribution Of Culturable Thraustochytridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultivation and diversity analysis of novel marine thraustochytrids

Liu

Wang

2020

Mar Life Sci Technol

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Thraustochytrids are a group of unicellular marine heterotrophic protists, and have long been known for their biotechnological potentials in producing squalene, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and other bioactive products. There are less than a hundred known strains from diverse marine habitats. Therefore, the discovery of new strains from natural environments is still one of the major limitations for fully exploring this interesting group of marine protists. At present, numerous attempts have been made to study thraustochytrids, mainly focusing on isolating new strains, analyzing the diversity in specific marine habitats, and increasing the yield of bioactive substances. There is a lack of a systematic study of the culturable diversity, and cultivation strategies. This paper reviews the distribution and diversity of culturable thraustochytrids from a range of marine environments, and describes in detail the most commonly used isolation methods and the control of culture parameters. Furthermore, the perspective approaches of isolation and cultivation for the discovery of new strains are discussed. Finally, the future directions of novel marine thraustochytrid research are proposed. The ultimate goal is to promote the awareness of biotechnological potentials of culturable thraustochytrid strains in industrial and biomedical applications.

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“…The native producer Aurantiochyltrium sp. showed great potential as a microbial alternative for squalene production (Chen et al, 2010; Nakazawa et al, 2012; A. Zhang et al, 2019). Squalene synthesis pathway was introduced into the genetically tractable hosts (e.g., Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli ) for enhanced production (Gohil, Bhattacharjee, Khambhati, Braddick, & Singh, 2019), as the use of the engineered MVA and MEP pathways behaved as a transcendent IPP and DMAPP supplier for mass production of terpenoids in these hosts (Liao, Hemmerlin, Bach, & Chye, 2016; Moser & Pichler, 2019; Wang, Zada, Wei, & Kim, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extension of cell membrane boosting squalene production in the engineered Escherichia coli

Meng

Shao

Wang

et al. 2020

Biotech & Bioengineering

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Squalene is a lipophilic and non-volatile triterpene with many industrial applications for food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. Metabolic engineering focused on optimization of the production pathway suffer from little success in improving titers because of a limited space of the cell membrane accommodating the lipophilic product. Extension of cell membrane would be a promising approach to overcome the storage limitation for successful production of squalene. In this study, Escherichia coli was engineered for squalene production by overexpression of some membrane proteins. The highest production of 612 mg/L was observed in the engineered E. coli with overexpression of Tsr, a serine chemoreceptor protein, which induced invagination of inner membrane to form multilayered structure. It was also observed an increase in unsaturated fatty acid in membrane lipids composition, suggesting cellular response to maintain membrane fluidity against squalene accumulation in the engineered strain. This study potentiates the capability of E. coli for squalene production and provides an effective strategy for the enhanced production of such compounds.

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Bio-based squalene production by Aurantiochytrium sp. through optimization of culture conditions, and elucidation of the putative biosynthetic pathway genes

Cited by 42 publications

References 44 publications

The lipid metabolism in thraustochytrids

The lipid metabolism in thraustochytrids

Cultivation and diversity analysis of novel marine thraustochytrids

Extension of cell membrane boosting squalene production in the engineered Escherichia coli

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