BIM and Computer Vision-Based Framework for Fire Emergency Evacuation Considering Local Safety Performance

Deng, Hui; Ou, Zhibin; Zhang, Genjie; Deng, Yichuan; Tian, Mingliang

doi:10.3390/s21113851

Cited by 32 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…J. Geo-Inf. 2022, 11, 110 3 of 21 location and navigation information [35]. At the same time, path searching can be gradually explored using a 3D GIS [24], cellular automata (CA) [36], artificial intelligence (AI) [35,37], graph theory [38], or operations research (OR) [31] approaches.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The capabilities of building fire evacuation modes are evaluated using five main core components, namely the pre-evacuation time, movement and navigation, exit usage, route availability, and flow constraints [32]. In the modeling process, mobile fire evacuation systems and wireless data transmission systems can be dynamically monitored to control the facilities [29,33,34], while indoor navigation technology can be used to obtain or supply spatial-temporal location and navigation information [35]. At the same time, path searching can be gradually explored using a 3D GIS [24], cellular automata (CA) [36], artificial intelligence (AI) [35,37], graph theory [38], or operations research (OR) [31] approaches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Fire Scenario Zone Construction and Personnel Evacuation Planning Based on a Building Information Model and Geographical Information System

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2022

IJGI

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The spatial–temporal simulation of fire disasters and evacuation route planning are important research fields for urban emergency responses and are primary tasks that answer complex questions after fires break out. The increasing demand for refined building information models will sharply increase the calculated and analyzed quantity. This demand presents a challenge for fire emergency responses based on massive building information. In this paper, the principle of the realistic worst case (RWC) is introduced into fire simulation and evacuation route planning. Taking the library of the Nanjing Forestry University as the study object, the spatial–temporal characteristics of the influential environmental factors of the fire are simulated, such as the meteorological elements, building structure, and building skin. The scenario zones that are relatively prone to fire are selected using an overlay analysis across the four seasons. Then, the risk threshold for evacuating personnel is analyzed in the fire zone according to international standards and firefighting criteria. Specific parameters are determined based on the analysis of the above. The growing trends for fires across the four seasons are simulated with scenario zones as the starting positions and incorporate factors such as temperature, carbon monoxide, and smoke. Lastly, a life safety assurance path (LSAP) for personnel evacuation is designed based on an indoor road network and path search algorithm. The evacuation planning result is compared with the traditional shortest-time path and shortest-distance path. Based on the study results, fire scenario zones can improve the speed and operating efficiency of spatial–temporal simulation models of fire and can also support path planning and design for emergency responses.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire Scenario Zone Construction and Personnel Evacuation Planning Based on a Building Information Model and Geographical Information System

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2022

IJGI

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“…Big data, virtual reality crowdsourcing, and other technologies are used to quantify and analyze the human psychology and social behavior of groups under different evacuation situations. By integrating the Internet of Things, BIM, and fire dynamics simulation (FDS) technologies, real-time fire monitoring and intelligent simulation and formulation of fire safety evacuation routes are realized [79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90]. The emergence of ICT [91,92] enables people to begin to quantify and analyze human psychology and social behavior in evacuation situations on a large scale and accurately.…”

Section: Evacuation Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Scientometric Research on Applications and Advances of Fire Safety Evacuation in Buildings

Yang

Yao

2023

Fire

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Fire safety evacuation has been used in numerous different kinds of buildings. This research conducts a scientometric review of fire safety evacuation applications and advances in the buildings to clarify the research trends of fire evacuation in the future and provide guidance for relevant research. A total of 3312 journals and conference proceedings were analyzed through different dimensions. The result proves that evacuation environments concentrate mainly on residential building, commercial building, school, and railway station. The characteristics of the evacuee have been gradually refined in recent years, including children, the elderly, patients, and vulnerable groups. The main experimental approaches of fire safety evacuation are evacuation drills, site records, and VR/AR experiments. The crowd behavior models mainly consist of six types: a cellular automata model, a social force model, a lattice gas model, a game-theoretic model, an animal agent-based model, and a computer agent-based model. The analysis results in the theoretical method are becoming gradually closer to the behavioral characteristics and movement data of the crowd during the actual evacuation with improvements of practical considerations. The study of evacuation drills, disaster rescue, emergencies, and other external environmental factors will become the forefront of future research, and subway stations, airports, high-rise building, and other personnel places will be the focus of the study of crowd evacuation.

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“…Several solutions have been designed to explore Building information modeling (BIM) capabilities and integration of BIM and building data to support search-and-rescue missions [1]- [11] or employing IoT concept [12]- [15] to enable people navigate safely in fire accidents. However, these approaches either mainly focus on topological information about the building elements and/or did not consider the dynamic risk propagation in the environment.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The table is created in the server database with an initial value of 'N' for all area nodes. Then for all entries of the table, i.e., A i (t), it will be updated from reading the sensor monitoring system and according to the rules in Equation (1).…”

Section: B Route and Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Evacuation and Rescue Management System in Response to Fire Incidents

Didar

Abbaspour

2023

EJENG

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Indoor evacuation and rescue systems are necessary for responding to unexpected events. In the event of fire incidents, finding a proper evacuation route planning for impacted people as an immediate response and a real-time rescue planning for the trapped people is challenging. Several approaches are developed to provide an evacuation or rescue system by integrating building data and BIM models. However, none of them took the issues of both evacuation and rescue into account, and the provided solutions are not properly aware of dynamic environmental change variables derived from remotely sensed data. In this research, an evacuation and rescue management system is designed based on the integration of dynamic data of fire progress, people status, and routing data. This system consists of two stages: dynamic evacuation and dynamic rescue with priority assessment. First, the environmental data is gathered and integrated with the static building data. Then, leveraging a risk assessment method, the level of rout safety is evaluated and a dynamic risk-aware rout planning is generated for each person to evacuate safely and fast. Finally, in the rescue stage, rescuers are assigned to the trapped people using a priority assessment method so that the success rate of rescue operation increases. The same rout risk assessment is used to develop route planning for rescue team to ensure their safety. A system framework and architecture is proposed as a reference for emergency response systems and the system is evaluated over two state of art baselines under several scenarios in AnyLogic. The results demonstrates that dynamic evacuation and rescue with priority assessment approach helps to save more people, reduce total time, lower the risk of human injury and efficiently assigns relief resources to the trapped users.

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BIM and Computer Vision-Based Framework for Fire Emergency Evacuation Considering Local Safety Performance

Cited by 32 publications

References 61 publications

Fire Scenario Zone Construction and Personnel Evacuation Planning Based on a Building Information Model and Geographical Information System

Fire Scenario Zone Construction and Personnel Evacuation Planning Based on a Building Information Model and Geographical Information System

A Scientometric Research on Applications and Advances of Fire Safety Evacuation in Buildings

Integrated Evacuation and Rescue Management System in Response to Fire Incidents

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