The Handbook of Bilingualism and Multilingualism 2012
DOI: 10.1002/9781118332382.ch28
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Bilingualism and Multilingualism in North America

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Cited by 10 publications
(6 citation statements)
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“…While no statistics exist as to the number of people who function with multiple languages on a daily basis, the fact that the world's almost 7,000 languages are spoken in approximately 200 countries suggests that multilingualism is a characteristic of practically every region (Romaine, 2013). For instance, despite its reputation as a monolingual English-only country, at least 364 languages are spoken in the United States (Mackey, 2013), and cities like New York City, Los Angeles, and Chicago are largely multilingual. Second only to English, Spanish is the language most used in the country, and, according to US 2018 Census estimates, it is spoken by approximately 40 million Hispanic individuals (www.census.gov).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…While no statistics exist as to the number of people who function with multiple languages on a daily basis, the fact that the world's almost 7,000 languages are spoken in approximately 200 countries suggests that multilingualism is a characteristic of practically every region (Romaine, 2013). For instance, despite its reputation as a monolingual English-only country, at least 364 languages are spoken in the United States (Mackey, 2013), and cities like New York City, Los Angeles, and Chicago are largely multilingual. Second only to English, Spanish is the language most used in the country, and, according to US 2018 Census estimates, it is spoken by approximately 40 million Hispanic individuals (www.census.gov).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition, the participants' perceptions of Portuguese as a source of power before their monolingual American peers reinforced the value of bilingualism in American society (Bialystok, 2011;Cho, 2000;Gaudet & Clément, 2005;Li, 1999). Furthermore, even though studies indicate that second-generation immigrants tend to become Americanized, often experiencing negative ethnic identity development and cultural and linguistic assimilation (Mackey, 2013;Montrul, 2013;Nesteruk, 2010;Nesteruk et al, 2015;Wong-Fillmore, 2000), the participants in this study demonstrated a stronger connection with their Brazilian roots and identities.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 60%
“…No âmbito das políticas linguísticas privadas, encontram-se, por definição, as políticas linguísticas familiares, onde se incluem as crenças, por exemplo, sobre o processo de aquisição da linguagem, sobre línguas específicas e sobre a relação entre línguas e inteligência. Por sua vez, essas crenças ou ideologias ligam-se a atitudes sociais mais amplas em relação a certos segmentos da população, como aos imigrantes e às minorias étnicas, assim como às práticas e aos estilos familiares (vide KING; FOGLE; LOGAN-TERRY, 2008).…”
Section: Isabella Mozzillo Em Contexto De Línguas Minoritáriasunclassified
“…Segundo Silva (2014Silva ( , p. 1369, "as práticas sociais relacionadas à língua(gem) explicitam um forte preconceito linguístico relativo às línguas minoritárias, assim como às variantes não prestigiadas do português". Assim, os esforços para promover ou não o bilinguismo em contextos de línguas minoritárias não acontecem apenas de maneira inconsciente, mas são, antes de tudo, o resultado das decisões tomadas pelas famílias, isto é, pelas políticas linguísticas familiares, cujo planejamento pode ser explícito ou tácito e se referem ao uso das línguas dentro da casa e entre os membros daquela família (vide KING; FOGLE; LOGAN-TERRY, 2008).…”
Section: Isabella Mozzillo Em Contexto De Línguas Minoritáriasunclassified
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