Bilateral chylothorax in an AIDS patient with newly diagnosed Kaposi sarcoma

Neril, Rebecca; Lam, Kimberly

doi:10.12788/jcso.0261

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2020

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“…Although chylothorax has been reported with KS, it remains a rare occurrence 19–23. Two hypotheses have been postulated for the development of chylothorax in KS: thoracic duct obstruction or infiltration secondary to metastases, and in-situ KS of the lymphatic system 24.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intractable pleural effusion in Kaposi sarcoma following antiretroviral therapy in a Caucasian female infected with HIV

et al. 2020

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We report the case of a 57-year-old Caucasian woman with AIDS-related disseminated Kaposi sarcoma (KS) characterised by the combination of several unusual features. The chylous nature of the pleural effusions, the documented parietal pleural involvement at thoracoscopy and the marked clinical worsening through an immune reconstitution syndrome following antiretroviral therapy initiation represent several rare situations that occurred in the same female patient. In addition, the use of indwelling pleural catheters for dyspnoea palliation also represents a rare therapeutic intervention. This case is a reminder of the possibility of AIDS-related pleural KS, now uncommon in the era of antiretroviral therapy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%