Bicausal bond graphs for supervision: From fault detection and isolation to fault accommodation

Fault detection and diagnosis for stochastic systems via output PDFs

“…(2) and (3), the system can be rewritten as _ xðtÞ ¼ AxðtÞ þ GgðxðtÞÞ þ HuðtÞ þ T 1 W Ã 1 S 1 ðx,uÞ þ eðx,uÞ ð 13Þ…”

“…Such a malfunction may occur due to component failures inside the mainframe of the process, sensors, and/or actuators. In the past two decades, many significant FDD approaches have been presented and applied to practical processes successfully [1][2][3][4][18][19][20][21][22].…”

An integrated approach for sensor placement in linear dynamic systems

“…Residuals can be generated by comparing a system outputs to those of its reference model. In literature, systematical design of a FDI scheme for a system with sufficient sensors has been intensively studied in [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. However, the issue of sensor placement for FDI has attracted little attention.…”

Fault Diagnosis Algorithms by Combining Structural Graphs and PCA Approaches for Chemical Processes

“…Indeed, the multiport elements represent energy dissipation (R-element), storage (C-element), inertia (I-element), balance and continuity equations (0-and 1-junctions) or inter-domain coupling (TF transformer and GY gyrator elements). However, this tool can be used for residual generation and monitorability analysis of systems [22,23]. Analytical Redundancy Relations (ARRs) are derived from the set of over-determined equations obtained from the structural system model.…”