Biaya Transaksi Dan Analisis Keuntungan Petani Pada Sistem Resi Gudang Kopi Arabika Gayo Di Kabupaten Aceh Tengah

Abstract

<em>The purpose of this study was to analyze the structure of transaction cost and analyze farmers profit on Arabica Gayo Coffee Warehouse Receipt System (WRS) in Central Aceh District. Transaction Costs Analysis (TCA) was used to analize transaction cost structure at selling delay activity and financing activity on WRS. While the ratio of transaction costs to farmers' profit was used to determine the level of effectiveness of WRS. The research was conducted at PT. Ketiara Warehouse, West Aceh district, Aceh. The selected samples were all 4o farmers of Arabica Gayo WRS in Central Aceh Regency. The highest transction cost was on delay selling activity (64,07%) than transaction cost on warehouse receipt financing activity (35,93%). Implementation of the warehouse receipt system in PT. Ketiara provided more benefits to the participants because average percentage ratio between the cost of the transaction with the benefit of <10 percent. Transaction costs and effectiveness of WRS need more attention and focus on the improvement of these two things to maximize the implementation and sustainability of Gayo Arabica Coffee WRS in Central Aceh District.</em>

Impact of Covid-19 pandemic on Gayo coffee agroindustry

“…Several reasons explain it's as follows: 1) An administration is very complicated, 2) The storage services fee is 6%/years from the value of the transaction, 3) Storage period for 5 months only, 4) The warehouse facility does not technically qualify, and 5) The risk fee by bank guarantee is up to 30%. [14,17] In this research, during the Covid19 pandemic the main problem on Gayo coffee commodity is the green bean of its have not been sold. This fact occurred during the pandemic due to declining demand by the importer and regional trader.…”

“…The most urgent is giving bailout to agro-industry or implanted warehouse receipt system (WRS). According to [17] this system is suitable to overcome the situation. The question is, what the local government has a sufficient foundation to buy all the coffee, especially on farmers caused the coffee still cherry.…”

“…The question is, what the local government has a sufficient foundation to buy all the coffee, especially on farmers caused the coffee still cherry. On the other side, furthermore [17] stated that implementation of WRS in Gayo highland was limited (Table 1). Several reasons explain it's as follows: 1) An administration is very complicated, 2) The storage services fee is 6%/years from the value of the transaction, 3) Storage period for 5 months only, 4) The warehouse facility does not technically qualify, and 5) The risk fee by bank guarantee is up to 30%.…”

Sistem Resi Gudang Kopi Arabika Gayo dalam Perspektif Kelembagaan Pengelola dan Pengguna di Kabupaten Aceh Tengah

“…Tingginya standar kopi tersebut menjadi kendala bagi banyak petani di Kabupaten Aceh Tengah. Fadhiela et al, (2018) dan Tambarta, (2017) menyatakan bahwa proses grading kopi yang dianggap terlalu lama membuat petani enggan terlibat di SRG. Selain karena proses menghabiskan waktu yang lama dan membutuhkan biaya proses yang tinggi, petani kopi Arabika Gayo di Kabupaten Aceh Tengah juga tidak memiliki pasar yang tepat untuk kopi grade 1 atau grade 2.…”

“…Pemasyarakatan tentang SRG maupun implementasi di lapangan belum sepenuhnya berjalan sesuai harapan, termasuk hubungan antar pelaku dan kelembagaan serta fasilitas terkait (Anugrah, Ewidodo, & Suryani, 2015). Hal ini juga dinyatakan pada penelitian (Fadhiela, Rachmina, & Winandi, 2018) bahwa minat petani kopi Arabika Gayo masih tergolong rendah untuk memanfaatkan SRG yaitu hanya 15% hingga 20% dari jumlah petani kopi Arabika di Kabupaten Aceh Tengah. Kurangnya minat petani ini dipengaruhi oleh perkembangan aktivitas/ kegiatan SRG yang masih berjalan lambat jika dibandingkan dengan potensi produksi kopi yang dihasilkan di Kabupaten Aceh Tengah yaitu 32.039 ton pada tahun 2018 (Badan Pusat Statistik, 2019).…”