Bi-enzyme functionalized electro-chemically reduced transparent graphene oxide platform for triglyceride detection

Abstract

Recently, increased attention has been drawn to application of graphene and its derivatives for construction of biosensors, since they can be used to rapidly detect the presence of bio-analytes.

Recent advances in nanomaterial-modified electrical platforms for the detection of dopamine in living cells

“…Owing to their structural features, they have excellent electrical properties, including electrical conductivity and electron mobility. In addition, carbon-based nanomaterials with enhanced electrical ability and additional capabilities can be obtained through chemical or physical modification [71]. Given that biosensing based on EC detection techniques (i.e., cyclic voltammetry, amperometry, and differential pulse voltammetry) requires a platform with excellent electrical properties, carbon-based nanomaterials have tremendous potential for sensing target biomolecules with their redox activities.…”

Two-dimensional nanomaterials: fascinating materials in biomedical field

“…Due to their mechanical/chemical/optical properties, biocompatibility and degradability, 2D nanomaterials are widely used in drug/gene delivery [34,35], biosensing [36][37][38], multimodal imaging [39,40], antimicrobial agents [41,42], tissue engineering [43,44], and cancer therapy [37,45]. As the thinnest materials, 2D nanomaterials have the highest specific surface areas among all known materials, which means they have large reservoirs and anchoring sites to efficiently load and deliver therapeutic agents [46].…”

Fabrication of a Nano‐Interfaced Electrochemical Triglyceride Biosensor and its Potential Application towards Distinguishing Cancer and Normal Cells

“…They play a major role in cellular metabolism as a major source of energy and as well as in bidirectional transportation of fat and blood glucose from liver. [1,2] TG is also a major component of human skin oils. [3] Normal triglyceride levels in serum are in the range of 40-190 mg/dL, but levels beyond 200 mg/dL lead to several abnormalities like atherosclerosis, altered lipid metabolism, hypertension, fatty liver etc.. [4] Recently, a close connection has been identified between dysfunctional triglyceride metabolism and cancers.…”

“…[18,19,20,21] In particular, enzyme-based electrochemical biosensors have been employed for detection of triglycerides because of their high selectivity towards triglycerides. [22] A single enzyme is not effective for quantification of triglycerides using electrochemical methods [23] and a cocktail of three enzymes are generally employed. The principle of enzyme-based triglyceride biosensor is based on the conversion of triglycerides to glycerol and fatty acid catalyzed by the enzyme lipase.…”

“…[37] The same group has also worked on chitosan-zinc oxide nanoparticles co-immobilized with the enzyme mixture and drop casted on Pt electrode for triolein quantification. [31] A diverse range of nanostructured interfaces like nanoporous gold, [4,38] gold nanoparticles with polydopamine, [39] single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs)/polyaniline, [40] cerium oxide nanoparticles, [30] chitosan-zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocomposite, [31] gold-polypyrrole (Au-PPy) nanocomposite with poly(indole-5-carboxylic acid), [41] indium tinoxide coated with chitosan wrapped-nanozirconia [29] and electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ERGO) [2] etc., have been explored as interface materials for sensing triglycerides, mainly tributyrin, to enhance fast electron transport.…”