BgFas1: A fatty acid synthase gene required for both hydrocarbon and cuticular fatty acid biosynthesis in the German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.)

Pei, Xiao-Jin; Chen, Nan; Bai, Yu; Qiao, Jian-Wen; Li, Sheng; Fan, Yongliang; Liu, Tong‐Xian

doi:10.1016/j.ibmb.2019.103203

Cited by 40 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Furthermore, seven FAS genes were identified in the German cockroach Blatella germanica, whose respective knockdowns revealed a significant effect of five of them on the CHC profile. Interestingly, knockdown of four B. germanica FAS genes actually increased the total amount of CHCs, whereas only one of them, BgFas1, substantially decreased both n-alkanes and mb-CHCs (Pei et al 2019, Table 1). The above-mentioned examples indicate the challenges of transferring knowledge between taxa within the complicated phylogeny of the FAS gene family that has apparently undergone multiple duplications and neofunctionalizations (Finck et al 2016;Moriconi et al 2019).…”

Section: Fatty Acid Synthase (Fas)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in deciphering the genetic basis of insect cuticular hydrocarbon biosynthesis and variation

2020

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Cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) have two fundamental functions in insects. They protect terrestrial insects against desiccation and serve as signaling molecules in a wide variety of chemical communication systems. It has been hypothesized that these pivotal dual traits for adaptation to both desiccation and signaling have contributed to the considerable evolutionary success of insects. CHCs have been extensively studied concerning their variation, behavioral impact, physiological properties, and chemical compositions. However, our understanding of the genetic underpinnings of CHC biosynthesis has remained limited and mostly biased towards one particular model organism (Drosophila). This rather narrow focus has hampered the establishment of a comprehensive view of CHC genetics across wider phylogenetic boundaries. This review attempts to integrate new insights and recent knowledge gained in the genetics of CHC biosynthesis, which is just beginning to incorporate work on more insect taxa beyond Drosophila. It is intended to provide a stepping stone towards a wider and more general understanding of the genetic mechanisms that gave rise to the astonishing diversity of CHC compounds across different insect taxa. Further research in this field is encouraged to aim at better discriminating conserved versus taxon-specific genetic elements underlying CHC variation. This will be instrumental in greatly expanding our knowledge of the origins and variation of genes governing the biosynthesis of these crucial phenotypic traits that have greatly impacted insect behavior, physiology, and evolution.

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Section: Fatty Acid Synthase (Fas)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in deciphering the genetic basis of insect cuticular hydrocarbon biosynthesis and variation

2020

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“…It is possible that LmFAS3 assists to maintain daily survival, however, the variation in the LmFAS1 expression level was probably part of the genetic program of preparations for ecdysis. Apart from the integument, FAS genes are expressed in the fat body in D. melanogaster, B. germanica and R. prolixus (Chung et al, 2014;Moriconi et al, 2019;Pei et al, 2019), however, no such expression was found in Figure 6. Effect of LmFAS1 and LmFAS3 suppression on desiccation tolerance in L. migratoria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Two fatty acid synthase genes from the integument contribute to cuticular hydrocarbon biosynthesis and cuticle permeability in Locusta migratoria

Yang

Zhao

Niu

et al. 2020

Insect Molecular Biology

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Lipids of the insect cuticle have important roles in resistance against the arid environment and invasion of foreign substances. Fatty acid synthase (FAS) is an important enzyme of the insect lipid synthesis pathway. In the present study, we identified three FAS genes from transcriptome data of the migratory locust, Locusta migratoria, based on bioinformatics analyses. Among them, two FAS genes (LmFAS1 and LmFAS3) are highly expressed in the integument of fifth instar nymphs. Suppression of LmFAS1 and LmFAS3 by RNA interference caused lethality during ecdysis or shortly after moulting. The weight of the locusts and the content of lipid droplets were reduced compared with those of the control. The results of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis showed that knockdown of LmFAS3 led to a decrease of both cuticular hydrocarbons and inner hydrocarbons (CHCs and IHCs) contents, especially the content of methyl branched hydrocarbons. By contrast, knockdown of LmFAS1 only resulted in a decrease in the IHC content, but not that of CHCs. By consequence, in LmFAS1and LmFAS3-suppressed locusts, hydrocarbon deficiency reduced desiccation resistance and enhanced cuticle permeability and sensitivity to insecticides. These results indicate that LmFAS1 and LmFAS3 are essential for hydrocarbon production and cuticle permeability, which play influential roles in waterproofing the insect cuticle.

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“…FAS is responsible for the biosynthesis of major body storage lipids, by converting acetyl-CoA into palmitate, leading to the production and accumulation of triacylglyceride in the fat body. 31,35 Because overwintering insects do not eat, they need larger stores of lipids to survive for an extended periodsometimes more than 6 months. 19 To date, the function of FAS in insects has been thoroughly studied only in the cabbage beetle, German cockroach, and several Drosophila species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19 To date, the function of FAS in insects has been thoroughly studied only in the cabbage beetle, German cockroach, and several Drosophila species. 35,40,51 In Drosophila serrata, silencing of FASN3 was lethal. 50 Silencing FAS2 with RNAi caused clumping of the fat body and reduced the total triacylglyceride content of diapause-destined female cabbage beetles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FAS is responsible for the biosynthesis of major body storage lipids. 31,35,36 Accumulating sufficient lipids is essential for insects to successfully complete diapause. [37][38][39][40] sHSPs assist in ensuring the correct folding of nascent proteins and help to refold stress-accumulated misfolded proteins, they may affect insect development and stress tolerance.…”

Section: Selection Of Genes For Rnaimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of the mechanisms of overwintering diapause in soybean pod borer (Leguminivora glycinivorella)

Yang

Wang

et al. 2020

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND: Soybean pod borer (Leguminivora glycinivorella) is an important soybean pest in northeastern Asia, whose mature larvae overwinter in a diapause state. Disruption of winter diapause may be a valuable tool in pest management. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating diapause in this species have not yet been elucidated. RESULTS: We compared the transcriptomes and proteomes between diapause and mature larvae and between mature and newly developed pupae to identify the genes and proteins associated with diapause. Thirty-seven differentially expressed genes and their proteins changed synchronously between diapause and mature larvae and 82 changed synchronously between diapause larvae and newly developed pupae. Among these, genes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis and the longevity regulating pathway were up-regulated in diapause larvae and down-regulated in newly developed pupae, suggesting that they may regulate diapause. One fatty acid synthase (FAS) gene and two small heat shock genes (HSP19.8 and HSP18.9) were chosen for further functional analysis. After RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated knockdown of FAS, the survival of mature larvae was significantly lower than that of control larvae, but the mean developmental time from first-instar larva to adult remained unchanged. RNAi-mediated knockdown of HSP19.8 and HSP18.9 severely shortened the mean developmental time, causing approximately 50% larvae to develop directly into pupae. CONCLUSION: FAS and the small heat shock gene play roles in diapause regulation and larvae survival. This study provides important information that may assist in understanding the molecular regulatory mechanisms of overwintering diapause of this important agricultural insect pest.

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BgFas1: A fatty acid synthase gene required for both hydrocarbon and cuticular fatty acid biosynthesis in the German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.)

Cited by 40 publications

References 66 publications

Advances in deciphering the genetic basis of insect cuticular hydrocarbon biosynthesis and variation

Advances in deciphering the genetic basis of insect cuticular hydrocarbon biosynthesis and variation

Two fatty acid synthase genes from the integument contribute to cuticular hydrocarbon biosynthesis and cuticle permeability in Locusta migratoria

Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of the mechanisms of overwintering diapause in soybean pod borer (Leguminivora glycinivorella)

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