Beyond uncertainty: A broader scope for “incentive hope” mechanisms and its implications

Linkovski, Omer; Weinbach, Noam; Edelman, Shimon; Feldman, Marcus W.; Lotem, Arnon; Kolodny, Oren

doi:10.1017/s0140525x18002029

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Our findings of poorer sleep quality and elevated insomnia symptoms in individuals with OCD and HD compared with healthy controls have important clinical implications. First, for individuals with HD and OCD experiencing disordered sleep, sleep disturbances may increase functional impairment and hinder effective treatment through negative effects on cognition and emotion regulation (Deliens et al, 2014;Durmer and Dinges, 2005;Krystal et al, 2008;Linkovski et al, 2019;Ramsawh et al, 2009). We suggest that screening for sleep disturbances may influence treatment of choice and impact treatment response among patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining subjective sleep quality in adults with hoarding disorder

Mahnke

Linkovski

Timpano

et al. 2021

Journal of Psychiatric Research

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining subjective sleep quality in adults with hoarding disorder

Mahnke

Linkovski

Timpano

et al. 2021

Journal of Psychiatric Research

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“…To conclude, the current study showed that certain stimuli or situational factors can influence whether we will successfully overcome unwanted behaviors, thoughts, or emotions [ 73 ]. First, we showed that when individuals with OCD encounter symptom-provoking stimuli, their inhibitory control becomes less efficient than when they encounter neutral stimuli.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Symptom-Provocation on Inhibitory Control in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Patients Is Contingent upon Chronotype and Time of Day

Linkovski,

Naftalovich,

David

et al. 2023

JCM

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Studies have shown that alertness can affect inhibitory control, the mechanism responsible for stopping behaviors, thoughts, or emotions. Inhibitory control is particularly important for helping individuals with Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder (OCD) resisting their symptoms. Chronotype is the mechanism governing an individual’s fluctuation of alertness throughout the day. Previous studies have shown that individuals with a ‘morning’ chronotype have worse OCD symptoms in the evening and vice versa. We administered a novel ‘symptom-provocation stop signal task’ (SP-SST), in which individually tailored OCD triggers were presented and inhibitory control was measured. Twenty-five treatment-seeking OCD patients completed the SP-SST three times per day for seven consecutive days. Stop signal reaction time (SSRT), which measures inhibitory control, was calculated separately for symptom-provocation trials and for neutral trials. Results yielded that: (a) stopping was significantly harder in the symptom-provocation compared to neutral trials, and (b) the chronotype by time-of-day interaction predicts inhibition for both symptom-provocation and neutral trials, indicating better inhibition in the optimal time of day. Furthermore, we concluded that individually tailored OCD triggers have a detrimental effect on inhibitory control. Most importantly, higher alertness levels, which can be predicted by the interaction of chronotype and time of day, affect inhibitory control, both in general and for OCD triggers specifically.

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“…Future studies may test the impact of inhibitory control induction on behavioral manifestations of uncertainty in different patient populations, possibly informing us on unwanted thoughts and behaviors’ converging and diverging pathways ( Linkovski, Weinbach, et al, 2019 ). Others may test our predictions using different trial proportions in our paradigm or test our hypotheses with different uncertainty tasks while inducing differential uncertainty levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Momentary Induction of Inhibitory Control and Its Effects on Uncertainty

Linkovski

Rodriguez

Wheaton

et al. 2021

Journal of Cognition

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Deficient inhibitory control and difficulty resolving uncertainty are central in psychopathology. How these factors interact remains unclear. Initial evidence suggests that inducing inhibitory control improves resolution of uncertainty. This may occur only when participants overcome action tendencies, which are dominant tendencies to perform certain behaviors. Our study explored the links between inhibitory control and behavioral responses to uncertainty while manipulating action-tendencies’ strength. In three experiments, 132 undergraduates completed a task that combined induction of momentary changes in inhibitory control level (Stroop task), with responses to uncertainty (visual-search task). We manipulated action-tendencies’ strength by varying uncertainty proportions across experiments. Results indicated that momentary induction of inhibitory control improved resolution of high-uncertainty during mostly low-uncertainty trials but hampered resolution of low-uncertainty during mostly high-uncertainty trials. Identical inhibitory control induction did not affect resolution of uncertainty when uncertainty conditions were equalized. Participants’ subjective uncertainty measures were similar across experiments. Our results suggest that momentary inhibitory control induction modifies behavioral responses to uncertainty and selectively affects trials that require overcoming dominant action tendencies. These findings indicate a potentially unique and multifaceted relationship between inhibitory control and behavioral responses to uncertainty. Clinical implications for models of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and experimental implications to post-conflict processes are discussed.

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Beyond uncertainty: A broader scope for “incentive hope” mechanisms and its implications

Cited by 3 publications

References 23 publications

Examining subjective sleep quality in adults with hoarding disorder

Examining subjective sleep quality in adults with hoarding disorder

The Effect of Symptom-Provocation on Inhibitory Control in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Patients Is Contingent upon Chronotype and Time of Day

Momentary Induction of Inhibitory Control and Its Effects on Uncertainty

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