Beyond Pasteur to 2001: Future Trends in Lyssavirus Research?

Ce, Rupprecht; Shankar,; Ca, Hanlon; Hamir, Amir N.; Koprowski, Hilary

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-78490-3_17

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Administration of such MAbs protected animals when challenged with a lethal dose of rabies virus in experimental PEP models [ 139 ]. These data strongly suggest that MAbs, alone or in combination with vaccine, may be an effective method of protection against clinically relevant lyssaviruses [ 140 ]. Such an approach has several theoretical advantages over presently used hyperimmune sera: fi rst, in contrast to current products, comparatively small volumes of MAbs would have to be inoculated for equivalent active protein content, because specifi c neutralizing activity per mass of protein is higher, so MAbs may be optimal for lessening the trauma and pain of local wound infi ltration with a source of passive antibodies, and second, safety issues arising from the possibility of adventitious agents associated with human or animal blood products would be alleviated by bulk production under modern GMP conditions in cell culture.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 91%

Rhabdovirus: Rabies

Christian

Rupprecht

2014

Viral Infections of Humans

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Section: )mentioning

confidence: 91%

Rhabdovirus: Rabies

Christian

Rupprecht

2014

Viral Infections of Humans

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“…The technology of production of long acting (repository) animal vaccines is available, but we are not aware of any manufacturers who are doing developmental work for such products since such products are of little interest in Europe, America, Japan, Australia, Korea or other profitable markets [1,4]. Oral vaccination of stray (community) dogs with one of new recombinant rabies vaccines is possible and could probably be employed for mass vaccination if there is a will on the part of governments [6,7]. Such new technologies need to be urgently studied in field trials at suitable locations where there is a large population of stray dogs with endemic rabies.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Status of Animal Rabies in Thailand.

1997

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ABSTRACT. Canine rabies remains a serious public health problem in Thailand. The Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute (QSMI) is the principal rabies diagnostic center in central Thailand. The retrospective study of canine rabies cases submitted in 1992-1995 revealed that: (1) The prevalence of rabid dogs decreased, which was associated with an overall decrease in the number of animals examined. However, the proportion of FA positive dogs examined remains the same at approximately 50%. (2) The majority of rabies cases occurred in domestic dogs rather than stray dogs but the ratio of positive cases between domestic and stray animals remained the same. (3) More than 60% of domestic rabid dogs were below age one. Dogs at this age are thought to be more active and also most likely not adequately vaccinated. It should be noted that approximately 70% of rabid dogs were never vaccinated against rabies. -KEY WORDS: diagnosis of rabies, ecology of rabies, rabies, Thailand.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 59(6): 457-460, 1997 veterinarian and placed under observation for at least 14 days. Dead animals were autopsied and the total of six tissue samples were taken from the spinal cord and brain of each animal. These were placed on glass slides, stained with BBL anti-rabies globulin fluorescein labeled (Becton Dickinson Microbiology Systems, 250 Schilling Circle, Cockeysville, MD 21030, U.S.A.) and examined under the fluorescent microscope. Fluorescent antibody negative samples were injected intracerebrally into three mice as "fail-safe" controls. Using these procedures, we experienced a false negative rate of 1 per 6,260 animal brains examined during the past three years. RESULTSThe total of 1,443 animals were examined for rabies at the QSMI during 1995. Figure 1 shows the number of animals examined in the laboratory and the number of positive cases for rabies. Those listed as "other animals" included 24 cats. Table 1 shows the incidence of rabies among owned and stray or community dogs during 1992-1995. The sex ratio of rabid dogs was 60% male and 32% female. Previous studies indicated that the overall sex ratio (male: female) among the general dog population in Bangkok was 1.7:1. The sex could not be determined in eight animals since only their heads were available for examination. The youngest rabies-positive dog was one month old and the oldest 12 years old (this dog was never vaccinated). The age distribution is shown in Fig. 2. It should be noted that 62% of rabid animals were below age one. Figure 3 shows that 70% of rabid dogs were never vaccinated. DISCUSSIONThe human population of Bangkok increased during the past decade and is now well over 10 million. Associated with this is an increase in the dog population. However,

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“…Considering future vaccine candidates, given the revolution in genetics, various viruses could be used as expression vectors, for incorporation of foreign genes. Some agents could be constructed by the creation of transgenic vectors, expressing the immunogen of interest in an appropriate context (56). Extrapolating from the concepts of remote delivery and natural hypodermics, ectoparasites may be designed to harbour and administer vaccine vectors of interest.…”

Section: Vaccine Delivery To Wildlife: the Example Of Rabiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

La vacunación en medicina de la conservación

Plumb¹,

Babiuk²,

Mazet³

et al. 2007

Rev. Sci. Tech. OIE

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Unprecedented human population growth and anthropogenic environmental changes have resulted in increased numbers of people living in closer contact with more animals (wild, domestic, and peridomestic) than at any other time in history. Intimate linkage of human and animal health is not a new phenomenon. However, the global scope of contemporary zoonoses has no historical precedent. Indeed, most human infectious diseases classed as emerging are zoonotic, and many of these have spilled over from natural wildlife reservoirs into humans either directly or via domestic or peridomestic animals. Conservation medicine has recently emerged as a meaningful discipline to address the intersection of animal, human, and ecosystem health. Interest in the development of novel vaccines for wildlife encounters important challenges that may prevent progress beyond the conceptual phase. Although notable examples of successful wildlife immunisation programmes exist, depending upon key considerations, vaccination may or may not prove to be effective in the field. When implemented, wildlife vaccination requires a combination of novel zoonosis pathogen management strategies and public education to balance conservation, economic, and public health issues.

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Beyond Pasteur to 2001: Future Trends in Lyssavirus Research?

Cited by 6 publications

References 66 publications

Rhabdovirus: Rabies

Rhabdovirus: Rabies

Current Status of Animal Rabies in Thailand.

La vacunación en medicina de la conservación

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