Beyond microbial community composition: functional activities of the oral microbiome in health and disease

Duran-Pinedo, Ana E.; Frias-Lopez, Jorge

doi:10.1016/j.micinf.2015.03.014

Cited by 145 publications

(132 citation statements)

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“…The use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology has revealed the complexity of microbiomes at unprecedented levels and is providing a foundation to understand how hundreds of bacterial species coinhabit and functionally interact to maintain homeostasis, to discourage the establishment of pathogens, and, when conditions are favorable, to cause disease (14,15). However, most studies correlating the composition of the oral microbiome with caries activity and etiology have examined either saliva or dental plaque samples pooled from multiple tooth surfaces (16)(17)(18), which diminishes their clinical relevance considering that carious lesions occur at specific tooth sites (13).…”

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confidence: 99%

Microbiomes of Site-Specific Dental Plaques from Children with Different Caries Status

et al. 2017

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The oral microbiota associated with the initiation and progression of dental caries has yet to be fully characterized. The Human Oral Microbe Identification Using Next-Generation Sequencing (HOMINGS) approach was used to analyze the microbiomes of site-specific supragingival dental plaques from children with different caries status. Fifty-five children (2 to 7 years of age) were assessed at baseline and at 12 months and grouped as caries free (CF), caries active with enamel lesions (CAE), and caries active with dentin carious lesions (CA). Plaque samples from cariesfree tooth surfaces (PF) and from enamel carious lesions (PE) and dentin carious lesions (PD) were collected. 16S community profiles were obtained by HOMINGS, and 408 bacterial species and 84 genus probes were assigned. Plaque bacterial communities showed temporal stability, as there was no significant difference in beta diversity values between the baseline and 12-month samples. Irrespective of collection time points, the microbiomes of healthy tooth surfaces differed substantially from those found during caries activity. All pairwise comparisons of beta diversity values between groups were significantly different (P Ͻ 0.05), except for comparisons between the CA-PF, CAE-PE, and CA-PE groups. Streptococcus genus probe 4 and Neisseria genus probe 2 were the most frequently detected taxa across the plaque groups, followed by Streptococcus sanguinis, which was highly abundant in CF-PF. Well-known acidogenic/aciduric species such as Streptococcus mutans, Scardovia wiggsiae, Parascardovia denticolens, and Lactobacillus salivarius were found almost exclusively in CA-PD. The microbiomes of supragingival dental plaque differ substantially among tooth surfaces and children of different caries activities. In support of the ecological nature of caries etiology, a steady transition in community species composition was observed with disease progression.

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Microbiomes of Site-Specific Dental Plaques from Children with Different Caries Status

et al. 2017

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“…However large-scale studies of the oral microbiome were extremely difficult, and many bacteria were unable to be detected or analyzed until the arrival of culture-independent techniques. Among the first and most widely used of these techniques was 16S rRNA gene-based cloning, which identified approximately 700 species or phylotypes in the oral cavity [20] and represents one of the best characterized communities within the total human microbiome [21]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…teeth, gingiva, tongue, and palate, and those structures provide different niches suitable for the growth of various microbes [21]. Accordingly, it has been demonstrated that microbial composition varies significantly between these oral structures [20] and the oral microbiome can therefore be viewed as a group of diverse, site-specific microbial biofilms [21]. This is an extremely important point to consider when analyzing sequencing analyses of oral microbial communities in order to avoid sweeping, generalized conclusions of community composition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polymicrobial Biofilm Studies: from Basic Science to Biofilm Control

Willems

Peters

2016

Curr Oral Health Rep

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Microbes rarely exist as single species planktonic forms as they have been commonly studied in the laboratory. Instead, the vast majority exists as part of complex polymicrobial biofilm communities attached to host and environmental surfaces. The oral cavity represents one of the most diverse and well-studied polymicrobial consortia. Despite a burgeoning field of mechanistic biofilm research within the past decades, our understanding of interactions that occur between microbial members within oral biofilms is still limited. Thus, the primary objective of this review is to focus on polymicrobial biofilm formation, microbial interactions and signaling events that mediate oral biofilm development, consequences of oral hygiene on both local and systemic disease, and potential therapeutic strategies to limit oral dysbiosis.

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“…Kreth et al examine riboregulatory RNAs and their significance for virulence and microbial persistence in the oral cavity [3]. Duran-Pinedo and Frias-Lopez discuss current paradigms of the functional role of the oral microbiome and its components in dysbiosis of oral microbial ecology and its consequence for oral and non-oral diseases [4]. Aruni et al provide recent information and views regarding the newly recognized, fastidious oral pathogen, Filifactor alocis , and the multiple mechanisms used by the microorganism to survive in human oral tissues [5].…”

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confidence: 99%