Microbiomes of Site-Specific Dental Plaques from Children with Different Caries Status

Richards, Vincent P.; Alvarez, Andres; Luce, Amy R.; Bedenbaugh, Molly; Mitchell, Mary Lyn; Burne, Robert A.; Nascimento, Marcelle M.

doi:10.1128/iai.00106-17

Cited by 157 publications

(165 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Two of the most common human diseases, dental caries and periodontitis, are directly related to the presence and metabolic activities of dental plaque bacteria. A recent analysis that compared supragingival plaque microbiomes from carious lesions to healthy sites found substantial differences among children with different caries status (23). In particular, communities collected from dentin carious lesions contained notorious acidogenic (acid producing) and aciduric (acid tolerant) species, including S. mutans, Scardovia wiggsiae, Parascardovia denticolens , and Lactobacillus salivarius (23).…”

Section: Microbiome and Metagenomics Studies: The Oral Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent analysis that compared supragingival plaque microbiomes from carious lesions to healthy sites found substantial differences among children with different caries status (23). In particular, communities collected from dentin carious lesions contained notorious acidogenic (acid producing) and aciduric (acid tolerant) species, including S. mutans, Scardovia wiggsiae, Parascardovia denticolens , and Lactobacillus salivarius (23). In contrast, S. sanguinis , Neisseria species, and Leptotrichia species were found associated with samples collected from healthy sites.…”

Section: Microbiome and Metagenomics Studies: The Oral Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

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Biology of Oral Streptococci

et al. 2018

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Summary Bacteria belonging to the genus Streptococcus are the first inhabitants of the oral cavity which can be acquired right after birth and thus play an important role in the assembly of the oral microbiota. In this chapter, we will discuss the different oral environments inhabited by streptococci and the species that occupy each niche. Special attention is given to the taxonomy of Streptococcus as this genus is now divided into 8 distinct groups where oral species are found in 6 of them. Oral streptococci produce an arsenal of adhesive molecules that allow them to efficiently colonize different tissues in the mouth. Also, they have a remarkable ability to metabolize carbohydrates via fermentation thereby generating acids as byproducts. Excessive acidification of the oral environment by aciduric species such as Streptococcus mutans is directly associated with the development of dental caries. However, less acid-tolerant species such as Streptococcus salivarius and Streptococcus gordonii produce large amounts of alkali displaying and important role in the acid-base physiology of the oral cavity. Another important characteristic of certain oral streptococci is their ability to generate hydrogen peroxide that can inhibit the growth of S. mutans. Thus, oral streptococci can also be beneficial to the host by producing molecules that are inhibitory to pathogenic species. Lastly, commensal and pathogenic streptococci residing in the oral cavity can eventually gain access to the bloodstream and cause systemic infections such as infective endocarditis.

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Section: Microbiome and Metagenomics Studies: The Oral Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microbiome and Metagenomics Studies: The Oral Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

Biology of Oral Streptococci

et al. 2018

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“…Likewise, colonization of S. mutans is delayed by an abundant presence of S. sanguinis . A next‐generation sequencing approach has also found a similar inverse relationship between both streptococci . From a clinical standpoint, the predominance of S. sanguinis over S. mutans in the dental biofilm may be associated with lower caries prevalence in children .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In silico analysis of the competition between Streptococcus sanguinis and Streptococcus mutans in the dental biofilm

Valdebenito

Tullume-Vergara

González

et al. 2018

Molecular Oral Microbiology

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During dental caries, the dental biofilm modifies the composition of the hundreds of involved bacterial species. Changing environmental conditions influence competition. A pertinent model to exemplify the complex interplay of the microorganisms in the human dental biofilm is the competition between Streptococcus sanguinis and Streptococcus mutans. It has been reported that children and adults harbor greater numbers of S. sanguinis in the oral cavity, associated with caries-free teeth. Conversely, S. mutans is predominant in individuals with a high number of carious lesions. Competition between both microorganisms stems from the production of H O by S. sanguinis and mutacins, a type of bacteriocins, by S. mutans. There is limited evidence on how S. sanguinis survives its own H O levels, or if it has other mechanisms that might aid in the competition against S. mutans, nonetheless. We performed a genomic and metabolic pathway comparison, coupled with a comprehensive literature review, to better understand the competition between these two species. Results indicated that S. sanguinis can outcompete S. mutans by the production of an enzyme capable of metabolizing H O . S. mutans, however, lacks the enzyme and is susceptible to the peroxide from S. sanguinis. In addition, S. sanguinis can generate energy through gluconeogenesis and seems to have evolved different communication mechanisms, indicating that novel proteins may be responsible for intra-species communication.

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“…Furthermore, the RF plaque was located at the gingival margin, where it can be influenced with gingival crevicular fluids, which in turn can induce microbial shifts to create a more periodontopathic compositions and resultant gingival inflammation. Moreover, there is clear evidence that the plaque microbiota differ among different sites in the oral cavity due to differences in various characteristics of the local environment . RF plaque collected from the occlusal surface might exhibit different microbial compositions and clinical symptoms related to the dental caries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of dental plaque and its potential pathogenicity using quantitative light‐induced fluorescence

Lee

Jong

Kim

2019

Journal of Biophotonics

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Quantitative light‐induced fluorescence (QLF) technology can detect some dental plaque as red fluorescence. This in vivo study aimed to identify the microbial characteristics of red fluorescent (RF) dental plaque using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and evaluate the correlations between RF plaque and the clinical symptoms of dental diseases. Paired supragingival plaque samples collected from each 10 subjects and consisted of RF and non‐RF dental plaques as observed by QLF technology using a 405 nm blue light source for excitation. The characteristics of the bacterial communities in the RF and non‐RF plaque samples were compared by sequencing analysis. An increase in microbial diversity was observed in RF plaque compared with the non‐RF plaque. There were significant differences in the community compositions between the 2 types of dental plaque. Periodontopathic bacteria were significantly more abundant in the RF plaque than non‐RF plaque. The fluorescence intensity of RF plaque was significantly related to the proportion of the periodontopathic bacterial community and the presence of gingival inflammation. In conclusion, the plaque red fluorescence is associated with changes in the microbial composition and enrichment of periodontopathic pathogens, which suggests that RF plaque detected by QLF technology could be used as a risk indicator for gingival inflammation.

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Microbiomes of Site-Specific Dental Plaques from Children with Different Caries Status

Cited by 157 publications

References 63 publications

Biology of Oral Streptococci

Biology of Oral Streptococci

In silico analysis of the competition between Streptococcus sanguinis and Streptococcus mutans in the dental biofilm

Detection of dental plaque and its potential pathogenicity using quantitative light‐induced fluorescence

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