Beyond contestation: conceptualizing negotiation in democracy promotion

Poppe, Annika Elena; Leininger, Julia; Wolff, Jonas

doi:10.1080/13510347.2019.1568991

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Both necessarily involve cycles of negotiation. Poppe et al (2019) have recently highlighted the role of 'negotiations' in democracy promotion, going on to sketch what they term a 'causal model': By focusing our attention on the communicative interaction between external democracy promoters and local 'recipients'. .…”

Section: Ro Disciplinary Practices: Sanctions Stigmatization 'Shaming' Peer Review and Negotiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional organizations and democratic conditionality: Family resemblances and shaming

Whitehead

2020

International Political Science Review

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The six major regional organizations (ROs) covered in this special issue all originated prior to the rise of liberal internationalism, and were repurposed by it. After 1989 they converged towards a common discourse on democratic conditionality, and developed a capacity to discipline and sanction non-compliance, preferring persuasion and appeals to regional norms rather than coercion. This concluding overview highlights the relevance of such metaphors as ecosystem, family resemblance, and peer review; and directs attention to the temporal and spatial scope conditions of the cases considered; and to the bargaining involved. As the ecosystem of liberal internationalism and regional democratic solidarity has faded, ‘pushbacks’ have appeared from regimes ‘targeted’ for sanctions and/or ‘shaming.’ Since states must coexist in permanent interaction with their neighbors, and because the democratic ‘like-mindedness’ of regions fluctuates, such RO stigmatization cannot be a one-shot game. Rather, it will be interactive, and contextually negotiated over time.

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Section: Ro Disciplinary Practices: Sanctions Stigmatization 'Shaming' Peer Review and Negotiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional organizations and democratic conditionality: Family resemblances and shaming

Whitehead

2020

International Political Science Review

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“…It seems from the above definition that it is almost certain that negotiations are not a contract, through the mention in the definition of probable contractors and the search for the compatibility of wills on the rights and Commitment to the contract to be concluded, meaning we are dealing with one contract is the contract that is being negotiated and dialogue about which may or may not be completed. Some have defined it as a set of preliminary processes in the form of consultations, discussions, endeavors, and exchanges of views to reach an agreement (Poppe, Leininger, & Wolff, 2019). It means that the negotiations leading up to the contract are a stage that precedes the conclusion of the contract in a final manner, the content of which is dialogue and discussion between the parties to the contract to discuss the terms of the contract and study the feasibility of the contract and the percentage of access to it (Ouwens, 2020).…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Legal Nature of Pre-Contract Negotiations

Alnumani

2023

J. of Law and Sust. Develop.

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Objectives: One of the objectives that prompted us to search for (the legal nature of the negotiations leading to the contract) is to adapt these negotiations so that the legal provisions that apply to them are identified, in addition to knowing the legal nature of the responsibility that arises on the negotiating parties as a result of their breach of the obligations and principles on which the negotiations are based to provide legal protection for the negotiating parties as a result of this breach. Theoretical Framework: The negotiations leading up to the agreement shall be based on the basic principles of good faith, confidentiality, and freedom of contract. The civil liability of negotiators oscillates between tort and contractual. The mutual obligations between the parties to the negotiation are fixed and unified. Method: We followed the descriptive approach in explaining the concept of negotiations leading to the contract, as well as understanding the different phenomena and relationships between the parties to the negotiating relationship leading to the agreement, and the comparative approach was used by comparing the research between Iraqi, French and Egyptian law. Results: The negotiations leading up to the contract are considered a set of preliminary procedures carried out by the negotiating parties that precede the conclusion of the contract in a final manner. Negotiations leading to the agreement are characterized by several characteristics, being a prelude to the contract and voluntary negotiations so that one party does not have authority or restrictions on the other. Originality/ Value: The present research pertains to the legal character of the talks conducted by the parties involved prior to the finalization of the contract. This pertains to the process of engaging in talks that culminate in the establishment of a consensus about fundamental values such as good faith, confidentiality, and freedom of contract.

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“…16–17), the vulnerability of the given government or regime has a material and a social (or ideational) dimension. In material terms, an asymmetric dependence on trade, investment and/or aid defines ‘incumbent governments’ vulnerability to external pressure’ (Levitsky and Way, 2006, p. 382), while the leverage of local actors is shaped by governments’ domestic strength or weakness in terms of both elite and popular support (Poppe et al., 2019, p. 784; see also Nepstad, 2015, p. 418). Ideationally, for the topic at hand, governmental vulnerability is shaped by the extent to which the planned restrictions clash with or can be justified in terms of the legal and/or societal norms that predominate at the national and international level (see Poppe and Wolff, 2017).…”

Section: Strategies Mechanisms and Conditions Of Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Defending Civic Space: Successful Resistance Against NGO Laws in Kenya and Kyrgyzstan

et al. 2021

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Since the turn of the century, an increasing number of governments around the world has introduced or tightened restrictions on civil society organizations (CSOs). Attempts by local CSOs and external actors to counter this trend of shrinking civic spaces have been mostly unsuccessful. In a few notable cases, however, civic space restrictions have been reversed or even prevented from being adopted in the first place. Focusing on resistance to so‐called NGO laws, this paper explores the strategies, causal mechanisms and scope conditions that help explain the successful defense of civic space. In a first step, the paper develops a theoretical framework by drawing on research on the diffusion and promotion of international norms, civic resistance and social movements. Second, it looks at two cases – Kenya (2013) and Kyrgyzstan (2013–2016) – in which governmental attempts to impose legal restrictions on foreign‐funded NGOs were effectively aborted. The analysis finds that successful resistance in both cases was based on domestic campaigns organized by broad alliances of local CSOs, which were able to draw on preexisting mobilizing structures and put forward a socioeconomic narrative to lobby against civic space restrictions. In Kyrgyzstan, but not in Kenya, external actors also played a significant role.

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Beyond contestation: conceptualizing negotiation in democracy promotion

Cited by 15 publications

References 45 publications

Regional organizations and democratic conditionality: Family resemblances and shaming

Regional organizations and democratic conditionality: Family resemblances and shaming

The Legal Nature of Pre-Contract Negotiations

Defending Civic Space: Successful Resistance Against NGO Laws in Kenya and Kyrgyzstan

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