Betalains as Antioxidants

Bastos, E. L.; Schliemann, Willibald

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-45299-5_9-2

Cited by 14 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 307 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Betalains are a group of water-soluble colored compounds containing nitrogen in their structure ( Figure 2 ) [ 7 , 9 ]. They occur in most plants of the order Caryophyllales [ 10 ], and they were also found in some species of fungi of the genera Amanita and Hygrocybe [ 11 , 12 ]. These compounds consist of betalamic acid as the chromophore core that condenses with cyclo -DOPA or amino acids/amines to form red-violet betacyanins and yellow-orange betaxanthins, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Betalain pigments are strong antioxidants [ 12 ] which is valuable, e.g., due to the known participation in the reduction of reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species in the development of cancer and other diseases, such as atherosclerosis. Compounds belonging to the group of antioxidants have also been found to inhibit or delay the development of certain neoplasms [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Structural Studies on Diverse Betacyanin Classes in Matured Pigment-Rich Fruits of Basella alba L. and Basella alba L. var. ‘Rubra’ (Malabar Spinach)

Sutor-Świeży

Antonik

Dziedzic

et al. 2022

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Identification of betacyanins in Basella alba L. and Basella alba L. var. ‘Rubra’ fruits was performed by low- and high-resolution mass spectrometry (LRMS and HRMS) as well as 1H, 13C and two-dimensional NMR which revealed hitherto completely not known betacyanin classes in the plant kingdom. Especially, the presence of unique nitrogenous acyl moieties in the structures of the pigments was ascertained by the HRMS Orbitrap detection. Except for detected polar betacyanin glycosylated derivatives, presence of a series of previously not reported pigments such as malonylated betanidin 6-O-β-glusosides with their acyl migration isomers along with the evidence of the 3′′-hydroxy-butyrylated betacyanins is reported. The first complete NMR data were obtained for novel and principal acylated gomphrenins with hydroxycinnamic acids: 6′-O-E-caffeoyl-gomphrenin (malabarin), 6′-O-E-sinapoyl-gomphrenin (gandolin), 6′-O-E-4-coumaroyl-gomphrenin (globosin) and 6′-O-E-feruloyl-gomphrenin (basellin).

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Studies on Diverse Betacyanin Classes in Matured Pigment-Rich Fruits of Basella alba L. and Basella alba L. var. ‘Rubra’ (Malabar Spinach)

Sutor-Świeży

Antonik

Dziedzic

et al. 2022

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…16,17 In contrast, hygroaurins occur exclusively in some species of Amanita, Hygrocybe, 18 and Hygrophorus fungi, 19 and information on their occurrence, synthesis, and application is virtually nonexistent. 20 Hygroaurins and betalains are produced by the spontaneous coupling of nitrogen nucleophiles, such as amino acids and amines, with either muscaflavin or its isomer betalamic acid. The DOPA dioxygenase of fly agaric (AmDODA, EC:1.14.99.-) catalyzes the conversion of L-DOPA into L-2,3-and L-4,5seco-DOPA, that spontaneously cyclize to muscaflavin and betalamic acid (Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fly agaric and other basidiomycetes of the genus Amanita are pigmented by betalains and hygroaurins, whose biosynthesis requires the enzymatic extradiol insertion of molecular oxygen into the catechol ring of l -DOPA (Figure ). − Betalains also impart bright red-violet and orange colors and occasionally green fluorescence , to most plants of the order Caryophyllales and have gained considerable attention because of their broad applicability, − prompt availability, and importance as molecular markers in phylogenetic studies. , In contrast, hygroaurins occur exclusively in some species of Amanita , Hygrocybe , and Hygrophorus fungi, and information on their occurrence, synthesis, and application is virtually nonexistent …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reannotation of Fly Amanita l-DOPA Dioxygenase Gene Enables Its Cloning and Heterologous Expression

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The l -DOPA dioxygenase of Amanita muscaria (AmDODA) participates in the biosynthesis of betalain- and hygroaurin-type natural pigments. AmDODA is encoded by the dodA gene, whose DNA sequence was inferred from cDNA and gDNA libraries almost 30 years ago. However, reports on its heterologous expression rely on either the original 5′-truncated cDNA plasmid or artificial gene synthesis. We provide unequivocal evidence that the heterologous expression of AmDODA from A. muscaria specimens is not possible by using the coding sequence previously inferred for dodA . Here, we rectify and reannotate the full-length coding sequence for AmDODA and express a 205-aa His-tagged active enzyme, which was used to produce the l -DOPA hygroaurin, a rare fungal pigment. Moreover, AmDODA and other isozymes from bacteria were submitted to de novo folding using deep learning algorithms, and their putative active sites were inferred and compared. The wide catalytic pocket of AmDODA and the presence of the His-His-His and His-His-Asp motifs can provide insight into the dual cleavage of l -DOPA at positions 2,3 and 4,5 as per the mechanism proposed for nonheme dioxygenases.

show abstract

“…The antioxidant effect of betalains is much higher than those of many flavonoids, ascorbic acid, and tocopherols. It has also been shown that betalamic acid, the basic structure of all betalains, is therefore able to donate two electrons to an oxidizing agent [ 36 , 37 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of an Antioxidant Based on Red Beetroot Extract on the Abiotic Stability of Polylactide and Polycaprolactone

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study investigated the effect of natural antioxidants inherent to beetroot (Beta vulgaris var. Vulgaris) on the ageing of environmentally friendly plastics. Certain properties were examined in this context, comprising thermal, mechanical, and morphological properties. A visual evaluation of relevant changes in the given polymers (polylactide and polycaprolactone) was conducted during an ageing test in a UV chamber (45 °C, 70% humidity) for 720 h. The films were prepared by a casting process, in which samples with the extract of beetroot were additionally incorporated in a common filler (bentonite), this serving as a carrier for the extract. The results showed the effect of the incorporated antioxidant, which was added to stabilize the biodegradable films. Its efficiency during the ageing test in the polymers tended to exceed or be comparable to that of the reference sample.

show abstract

Betalains as Antioxidants

Cited by 14 publications

References 307 publications

Structural Studies on Diverse Betacyanin Classes in Matured Pigment-Rich Fruits of Basella alba L. and Basella alba L. var. ‘Rubra’ (Malabar Spinach)

Structural Studies on Diverse Betacyanin Classes in Matured Pigment-Rich Fruits of Basella alba L. and Basella alba L. var. ‘Rubra’ (Malabar Spinach)

Reannotation of Fly Amanita l-DOPA Dioxygenase Gene Enables Its Cloning and Heterologous Expression

Effect of an Antioxidant Based on Red Beetroot Extract on the Abiotic Stability of Polylactide and Polycaprolactone

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About