Beta Lactamase production by Staphylococcus aureus from children with sporadic Diarrhoea in Ibadan and Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria

Efuntoye, M. O.; Amuzat, M.A

doi:10.4314/ajbr.v10i1.48977

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Among the isolates, there were no resistances for amikacin, ciprofloxacin and, gentamycin-except 1 and 2 intermediate for ciprofloxacin and gentamycin, respectively, which is comparable with other studies [11,14,24,27,35]. The highest antibiotic resistance of Shigella against ampicillin (83.5%) observed was comparable with a study done on Shigella isolates in Awassa (93%) [10], Jimma (70.1%) [8], Gondar (79.9%) [36], Harar (100%) [11], Jimma (100%) [7], and Southwestern Nigeria (90.5%) [37]. However, it is higher than a study done in Hawassa (63.6%) [14] and Butajira (47.1%) [9].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

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Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella and Shigella species isolated from diarrheic children in Ambo town

et al. 2020

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Background: Diarrhea, particularly of enteric bacterial pathogen, remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Ethiopia. Despite the high prevalence of diarrheal disease among under-five children, antibiotic resistance of bacterial pathogens test is not part of routine childcare in the study area. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility status of Salmonella and Shigella species among diarrheic children attending public health institutions in Ambo town, west Showa, Ethiopia. Methods: Institutional based, cross-sectional study was carried out from January to July 2014 among 239 diarrheic children below five years of age in Ambo town, Ethiopia. Information about patient demographics, signs, and symptoms was obtained from the parents/guardians of each child using a questionnaire. Stool samples from diarrheic children were collected and processed for isolation of Salmonella and Shigella using conventional microbiology procedures. Suspected Salmonella isolates were confirmed by genus-specific PCR and serotyped using a slide agglutination test. Susceptibility to 10 commonly used antimicrobials was assessed using the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Results: From the 239 children screened, only nine (3.8%) of them were positive for either Salmonella (n = 3) or Shigella (n = 6) and 19 (7.9%) positive for the intestinal parasite. Three species of Shigella were identified: Shigella flexinari (n = 3), Shigella boydii (n = 2), and Shigella sonnei (n = 1). The three Salmonella isolates were S. chicago, S. caracas, and S. saintpaul. Salmonella and Shigella isolates were resistant to ampicillin (88.9%), followed by tetracycline (66.7%), cotrimoxazole (55.6%), chloramphenicol (44.4%), amoxicillin (33.3%), nalidixic acid (11.1%) and cefotaxime (11.1%). All isolates were sensitive to amikacin, ciprofloxacin, and gentamycin. Conclusion: In this study, either Salmonella or Shigella species were detected only in 3.8% of diarrheic children in Ambo town, suggesting the dominance of other causes of diarrhea in the study area. A further study targeting other causes of diarrhea should be conducted to establish the major causes of childhood diarrhea in the study area.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Fifty percent of Shigella spp. showed resistance to amoxicillin, which was not comparable with studies done in Hawassa [14], Harar [11], Jimma [7] which count 100%, and Southwestern Nigeria which counts 81% [37]. The difference might be attributed to the difference in laboratory techniques used for the susceptibility test [38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella and Shigella species isolated from diarrheic children in Ambo town

et al. 2020

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“…It has been shown that out of 194 isolates (153, 79.0 %) were beta-lactames producers. Beta-lactamase producing strains of S. aureus in the present study were much higher than that has been reported by previous study conducted in Ethiopia [ 16 ] but more or less the same as reported in India [ 38 ] and Nigeria [ 14 ]. Our study further depicted that out of 34 MRSA strains (30, 88.2 %) produced beta-lactamase and out of 160 MSSA strains (123, 76.8 %) were found out to be beta-lactamase producers.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…All S. aureus strains were screened for beta-lactamase production by employing nitocefin, the procedures of Efuntoye et al [ 14 ]. Culture of each isolates was streaked onto sticks impregnated with nitocefin a chromogenic cephalosporin (Unipath Limited, Hampshire, England) that produces a rapid color change from yellow to pink/red when the beta-lactam ring is hydrolyzed by beta-lactamase.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical samples at Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Dilnessa

Bitew

2016

BMC Infect Dis

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BackgroundStaphylococcus aureus particularly MRSA strains are one of the major causes of community and hospital acquired bacterial infections. They are also becoming increasingly multi-drug resistant and have recently developed resistance to vancomycin, which has been used successfully to treat MRSA for many years. In-vitro determination of drug resistance patterns of S. aureus is critical for the selection of effective drugs for the treatment of staphylococci infections.The main aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of methicillin resistant S. aureus strains from different clinical specimens from patients referred for routine culture and sensitivity testing.MethodA cross sectional study was conducted among 1360 participants at Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College in Ethiopia from September 2013 to April 2014. Clinical samples from various anatomical sites of study participants were cultured on blood agar and mannitol salt agar and identified to be S. aureus by using catalase, coagulase and DNAse tests. S. aureus isolates then were screened for MRSA using 30 μg cefoxitin disc and other 11 antimicrobial drugs by disc diffusion procedure, and agar dilution and E tests for vancomycin. All S. aureus isolates examined for beta-lactamase production by employing nitrocefin. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 software and logistic regressions were applied to assess any association between dependent and independent variables.ResultsOf 1360 clinical specimens analyzed S. aureus was recovered from (194, 14.3 %). Rate of isolation of S. aureus with regard to clinical specimens was the highest in pus (118, 55.4 %).No S. aureus was isolated from CSF and urethral discharge. Out of 194 S. aureus isolates, (34, 17.5 %) were found out to be MRSA and the remaining (160, 82.5 %) were MSSA. Ninety eight (50.5 %) S. aureus were multi drug resistant and the highest isolates were resistant to penicillin (187, 96.4 %) and least resistant for clindamycin (23, 11.9 %) and vancomycin (10, 5.1 %). MRSA strains were 100 % resistant to penicillin G, erythromycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and least resistant to vancomycin (10, 29.4 %). Out of 194 S. aureus isolates (153, 79.0 %) were beta-lactamase producers.ConclusionIn this study S. aureus isolates exhibited very high degree of resistance to different antibiotics. The isolates were also multidrug resistant to several combinations of the tested antibiotics. The emergence of vancomycin resistant S. aureus highlights the value of prudent prescribing of antibiotics and avoiding their irrational use.

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“…The starch paper analysis confirmed the presence of beta-lactamase production in all the isolates tested (100%). Similar study was conducted to detect beta-lactamase production in the same country by Efuntoye et al [19]; of the 95 isolates tested. A total of 79 (83.2%) were beta-lactamase-producing strains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Staphylococcus aureus

Dilnessa¹

2019

Staphylococcus Aureus

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Staphylococcus aureus particularly methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains is one of the major causes of community and hospital-acquired bacterial infections. They are also becoming increasingly multidrug resistant and recently developed resistance to vancomycin, which has been used successfully to treat MRSA for many years. In vitro determination of drug resistance patterns of S. aureus is critical for the selection of effective drugs for the treatment of staphylococci infections. The main aim of this review was to determine the prevalence of drug-resistant S. aureus strains from different clinical specimens throughout the world. Various types of research study designs such as cross-sectional and retrospective and laboratory techniques like Kirby Bauer, agar dilution, and E tests were used. The result of each study was narrated accordingly.

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Beta Lactamase production by Staphylococcus aureus from children with sporadic Diarrhoea in Ibadan and Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria

Cited by 7 publications

References 7 publications

Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella and Shigella species isolated from diarrheic children in Ambo town

Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella and Shigella species isolated from diarrheic children in Ambo town

Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical samples at Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Staphylococcus aureus

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