Bestimmung des K�rperwassergehaltes mit Hilfe von Alkohol

Measurement of Total Body Water in Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis Using an Ethanol Dilution Technique

“…The mean TBW value of 57.9% of the BW obtained in this study exceeds the normal mean value of 52.6% for young students who were examined by means of the ED technique [9], Other values yielded by simultaneous appli cations of two of the 'classic' indicator dilution methods (DeO and antipyrine: 55.7 vs. 54.5% TBW [23], HTO and ethanol: 61.3 vs. 59.9% TBW [17], N-acetyl-amino-antipyrine and ethanol: 54.9 vs. 52.6% TBW [12]) are different depending on the investigated collectives, but mainly depending on the techniques applied. However, out of these measurements it cannot be decided whether this average TBW of 57.9% in the investigated dialyzed patients represents a 'normal' value for dialyzed patients in general.…”

“…As a modification of the original technique [9] we measured the ethanol concentration in serum instead of blood in order to avoid misleading results arising from varying degrees of packed red cell volumes during the periods of study. Moreover, we corrected the measured values of SE for a SW of 100%, thus allowing for a com parison of the ethanol elimination curves in different patients, and in the same patients at times of different [7] (0.5) (0.73)…”

“…The water compart ment might then be adjusted to the predicted values for comparable subjects, taking into account the interdepend encies between relative water content of the body, age, sex as well as habitus [3.5.16], The usefulness of repeated controls of the TBW instead of the BW during long-term hemodialysis treatment was clearly demonstrated by Coles [4] who found that the development of the BW was not parallelled by the development of the TBW during a 12-month hemodialysis therapy. In an attempt to obtain a simple, innocuous and routinely applicable method for describing the fluid balance in patients with terminal renal failure, we used the ethanol dilution (ED) technique [9] to measure the TBW. The following parameters were investi gated: Widmark's factor [26] 'r' (ratio of total body ethanol concentration to blood ethanol concentration), pflo (the elimination rate of ethanol from the blood within 60 min), and the course of the blood ethanol elimination curve between 90 and 180 min after ingestion of the test dose.…”

Comparison of D2O and ethanol dilutions in total body water measurements in humans

“…The physiological background of the Widmark factor r was shown in the 1950s by Griiner [13] with the conclusion that alcohol is dissolved practically only in water• Therefore the so-called Widmark factor is simply the concentration ratio r w of water between total body and whole blood:…”

“…As early as 1957 GriJner [13] demonstrated on the basis of these that alcohol is dissolved virtually only in water. Therefore lean persons show a clearly lower blood ethanol concentration (grams of ethanol per kilogram of whole blood) after intake of an ethanol dose related to their body weight than do obese persons because an increase in body fat (with increasing body weight) is associated with only a relatively small rise in body water.…”