Best practice guidelines for surveys and monitoring of great ape populations

Kühl, Hjalmar S.; Maisels, Fiona; Ancrenaz, Marc; Williamson, Elizabeth A.

doi:10.2305/iucn.ch.2008.ssc-op.36.en

Cited by 143 publications

(191 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Using the number of groups is conservative, but might increase type II error risk. Given the high topographic heterogeneity of the study sites, we used recce walks [42]. The recce walk method relaxes the rules of a line transect by allowing deviations from transects for ease of movement [42].…”

Section: (B) Wildlife Censusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given the high topographic heterogeneity of the study sites, we used recce walks [42]. The recce walk method relaxes the rules of a line transect by allowing deviations from transects for ease of movement [42]. Like the line transect method, recce walks also allow for the quantification of observations per kilometre, thus providing estimates of wildlife abundance [42].…”

Section: (B) Wildlife Censusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bushmeat hunting changes regeneration of African rainforests

et al. 2013

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To assess ecological consequences of bushmeat hunting in African lowland rainforests, we compared paired sites, with high and low hunting pressure, in three areas of southeastern Nigeria. In hunted sites, populations of important seed dispersers-both small and large primates (including the Cross River gorilla, Gorilla gorilla diehli)-were drastically reduced. Large rodents were more abundant in hunted sites, even though they are hunted. Hunted and protected sites had similar mature tree communities dominated by primate-dispersed species. In protected sites, seedling communities were similar in composition to the mature trees, but in hunted sites species with other dispersal modes dominated among seedlings. Seedlings emerging 1 year after clearing of all vegetation in experimental plots showed a similar pattern to the standing seedlings. This study thus verifies the transforming effects of bushmeat hunting on plant communities of tropical forests and is one of the first studies to do so for the African continent.

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Section: (B) Wildlife Censusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: (B) Wildlife Censusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bushmeat hunting changes regeneration of African rainforests

et al. 2013

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“…To assess tool selection pattern from artefacts at Coula edulis nutcracking sites, we conducted recces [56] and deliberately searched for nut-cracking sites where we collected information on previously used hammers. In order to be classified as a hammer, the tool had to be within a radius of 1 m around a nut-cracking anvil (in the majority of cases a Coula edulis root) that had to show a visible dent from repeated placement of a nut.…”

Section: (C) Tool Artefacts At Nut-cracking Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primate archaeology reveals cultural transmission in wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus)

Luncz

Wittig

Boesch

2015

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Recovering evidence of past human activities enables us to recreate behaviour where direct observations are missing. Here, we apply archaeological methods to further investigate cultural transmission processes in percussive tool use among neighbouring chimpanzee communities in the Taï National Park, Côte d'Ivoire, West Africa. Differences in the selection of nut-cracking tools between neighbouring groups are maintained over time, despite frequent female transfer, which leads to persistent cultural diversity between chimpanzee groups. Through the recovery of used tools in the suggested natal territory of immigrants, we have been able to reconstruct the tool material selection of females prior to migration. In combination with direct observations of tool selection of local residents and immigrants after migration, we uncovered temporal changes in tool selection for immigrating females. After controlling for ecological differences between territories of immigrants and residents our data suggest that immigrants abandoned their previous tool preference and adopted the pattern of their new community, despite previous personal proficiency of the same foraging task. Our study adds to the growing body of knowledge on the importance of conformist tendencies in animals.

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“…Standardized methods for surveying and monitoring great ape populations were subsequently published by Kühl et al (2008) and are freely available on the A.P.E.S. Portal (http://apesportal.eva.mpg.de).…”

Section: Research Tourism and Conservation Education Survey Methods Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many of these sites were surveyed two or more times, thus data from 82 separate surveys were available for analysis. Most of these surveys (72) used line-transect methods; the remainder were based on 'recce' survey methods (see Kühl et al 2008;Maisels et al 2008). The nests of gorillas and chimpanzees can be distinguished post hoc if adequate data on nest features have been collected .…”

Section: Identification Of Priority Landscapesmentioning

confidence: 99%