Besoins et apport en phosphore chez les poissons

Kaushik, Sadasivam

doi:10.20870/productions-animales.2005.18.3.3525

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Interestingly, vertebrae response was low regarding the percentages of loss (6.3 and 4.0%, for ash and P contents, respectively) at week 4, and was not significantly affected by diet. These results are in accordance with previous studies showing that P requirements for growth are lower than requirements for normal whole‐body P concentration or tissue mineralization (Rodehutscord and Pfeffer, ; Baeverfjord et al., ; Kaushik, ; Jesu Prabhu et al., ). Previous results from Skonberg et al.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…For instance, rainbow trout fed 0.2% available P were significantly shorter than rainbow trout fed 0.4% available P after 16 weeks of trial (Koko et al., ). As mentioned by Kaushik (), growth during a P deprivation period can be maintained as long as the body still contains enough P reserves that can be mobilized to fulfill soft tissues requirements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Responses of different body compartments to acute dietary phosphorus deficiency in juvenile triploid rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss , Walbaum)

et al. 2014

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SummaryRainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is an important production species as well as one of the most studied fish models, particularly regarding nutritional physiology. Due to negative environmental impacts linked with rainbow trout farm effluents, significant restrictions have been established in numerous regions to reduce dietary phosphorus (P) outputs. However, questions have arisen regarding the link between abnormal skeletal development and mineralization and insufficient dietary P availability during rapid fish growth (juvenile fish). Despite significant work to understand the dynamics of P-deficiency and the resulting impact on tissue mineralization, the extent of the early responses in rainbow trout fed low-P diets is not well described. The aim of this study was to explore the early-responses of scales, vertebrae and carcass P and ash in rainbow trout fed low-P vs sufficient-P controls. Two practical diets (sufficient: 0.45% available P and deficient: 0.29% available P) were fed over a 5-week period to triploid rainbow trout (initial mass 60.8 AE 1.6 g). Ash and P contents were used to assess mineral status of the different tissues. The relative loss of mineral and coefficient of variation were also calculated to compare the relative response and the inter-individual variability. After 4 weeks of P deprivation, no detectable effects were observed on growth performance, mortality or feed intake. However, as early as the second week onward, ash and P levels in scales and carcasses were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in fish fed a P-deficient diet compared to those fed a P-sufficient diet. At week 4, the reduction in mineralization reached 19.3 and 18.4% for P and ash contents in scales, respectively. By the same week, P and ash contents in carcasses reached 15.1 and 12.8%, respectively. Interestingly, the absence of significant mineral loss in vertebrae did not prevent the emergence of a high incidence of vertebral deformities in P-deficient fish (45.6 AE 11.0%) when compared to P-sufficient fish (1.5 AE 2.1%). The main vertebral deformities observed in Pdeficient trout were specific to impede bone matrix mineralization such as pronounced biconcave (35.5%) and undersized and widely spaced vertebral bodies (9.3%). For the scales compartment (ash and P status) and mineral parameter, the coefficients of variation showed a higher inter-individual variability in P-deficient vs P-sufficient fish, while no such effect was observed in carcass or vertebrae compartment. This study provides a useful comparison of various commonly-used indicators of bone mineral status as well as an approach to assess variability of fish response under low-dietary P level.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of different body compartments to acute dietary phosphorus deficiency in juvenile triploid rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss , Walbaum)

et al. 2014

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“…The concentration of P in fresh water and sea water is low and therefore fish require relatively high dietary source of P to meet their requirement for growth (NRC, 1993). Dietary P requirement of most aquaculture fish species varies from 0.4% to 0.9% of diet (NRC, 1993; Kaushik, 2005). Japanese eel and Korean rockfish have a low P requirement of around 0.3% of diet.…”

Section: Dietary Phosphorus Requirement In Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phosphorus digestibility varies in relation to the form provided in the diet. Kaushik (2005) stated that the monobasic phosphate form has a comparable digestibility irrespective of fish species; the dibasic form renders lower bioavailability in common carp as compared to channel catfish and rainbow trout, the tribasic calcium form of phosphate is very poorly digested by common carp (13%) and higher by rainbow trout (64%). Fishmeal P mainly comes from bone that is available in the hydroxyapatite form.…”

Section: Dietary Phosphorus Requirement In Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytate and phytase in fish nutrition

Kumar

Sinha

Makkar

et al. 2011

Animal Physiology Nutrition

290

233

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Summary Phytate formed during maturation of plant seeds and grains is a common constituent of plant‐derived fish feed. Phytate‐bound phosphorus (P) is not available to gastric or agastric fish. A major concern about the presence of phytate in the aquafeed is its negative effect on growth performance, nutrient and energy utilization, and mineral uptake. Bound phytate‐P, can be effectively converted to available‐P by phytase. During the last decade, phytase has been used by aqua feed industries to enhance the growth performance, nutrient utilization and bioavailability of macro and micro minerals in fish and also to reduce the P pollution into the aquatic environment. Phytase activity is highly dependent on the pH of the fish gut. Unlike mammals, fish are either gastric or agastric, and hence, the action of dietary phytase varies from species to species. In comparison to poultry and swine production, the use of phytase in fish feed is still in an unproven stage. This review discusses effects of phytate on fish, dephytinisation processes, phytase and pathway for phytate degradation, phytase production systems, mode of phytase application, bioefficacy of phytase, effects of phytase on growth performance, nutrient utilization and aquatic environment pollution, and optimum dosage of phytase in fish diets.

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“…In intensively reared salmonids, mineral deficiency (mostly phosphorus) is suspected to be one of the main factors involved in the appearance of vertebral abnormalities. Indeed, phosphorus dietary uptake could fail to fulfil body requirements long before detrimental effects on skeletal growth are detected (Lall, 2002; Helland et al., 2005; Kaushik, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histomorphometrical studies of vertebral bone condition in farmed rainbow trout,Oncorhynchus mykiss

Deschamps

Sire

2010

Journal of Applied Ichthyology

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A major problem for the fish farming industry is to find reliable indicators of bone condition that could help to prevent vertebral abnormalities. Here, we summarize the main results of two recent studies aiming to assess the variation of two vertebral bone variables (bone mineralization and vertebral total bone area) during rainbow trout grow-out in several French farms. We provide evidence for a wide range of variation for these parameters and for the occurrence of vertebral bone abnormalities, and new data on vertebral structure in trout reared either in various fish farms (influence of rearing conditions) or at different temperatures (influence of various growth rates). Although further experiments are needed to understand bone metabolism in trout, these findings increase our knowledge on growth and modelling of vertebrae, and provide valuable data that will enable comparisons in the future.

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Besoins et apport en phosphore chez les poissons

Cited by 15 publications

References 29 publications

Responses of different body compartments to acute dietary phosphorus deficiency in juvenile triploid rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss , Walbaum)

Responses of different body compartments to acute dietary phosphorus deficiency in juvenile triploid rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss , Walbaum)

Phytate and phytase in fish nutrition

Histomorphometrical studies of vertebral bone condition in farmed rainbow trout,Oncorhynchus mykiss

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