Berry Drop and Fruit Removal Forces as Related With Ga3 Applications in Table Grapes

Retamales, J.; Cooper, T.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.1993.329.12

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Os engaços dos cachos onde se aplicou o ácido giberélico, demonstrou tendência de maior peso que os demais tratamentos, embora não tenham sido observadas diferenças significativas entre eles (Tabelas 1 e 2). Essa característica resultou em aumento na espessura e no diâmetro do engaço e dos pedicelos, o que tem como conseqüência o aumento do desgrane das bagas na colheita e pós-colheita, e está de acordo com os resultados obtidos por outros autores em diferentes variedades de uvas de mesa (Muñoz & Pezoa, 1993;Retamales & Cooper, 1993;Cooper et al, 1993). Segundo Pérez & Morales (1999), o ácido giberélico, em doses crescentes, aumentou a atividade da peroxidase solúvel dos pedicelos de uva 'Sultana', sugerindo que estas enzimas estão envolvidas na lignificação de pedicelos e engaços, levando à perda de flexibilidade e ao desgrane de bagas na pós-colheita.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Anelamento e reguladores de crescimento: efeitos sobre as medidas biométricas e qualidade de cachos da videira 'Superior Seedless'

Leão

Silva

Silva³

2004

Rev. Bras. Frutic.

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RESUMO -Com o objetivo de se obter maior tamanho de baga, peso médio de cacho e produtividade, os cachos da variedade Superior Seedless foram pulverizados com ácido giberélico (1 + 20 mg.L -1 ), bioestimulante Crop Set nas doses de 0,1 e 0,2% e com ou sem anelamento no caule. Esses tratamentos foram aplicados de forma isolada ou combinados entre si. O trabalho foi conduzido durante o período 2001-2002 (dois ciclos de produção), no Campo Experimental de Bebedouro da Embrapa Semi-Árido em Petrolina-PE. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, com 12 tratamentos e três repetições, sendo duas plantas por parcela. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os tratamentos nos dois ciclos de produção. Entretanto, quando o ácido giberélico foi associado ao Crop Set 0,1% e anelamento, observou-se uma tendência de aumento no peso de cachos, bem como no peso e tamanho de bagas na safra de 2001. Os cachos tratados com ácido giberélico apresentaram engaços mais grossos e pesados, embora não se observem diferenças significativas entre os tratamentos. Algumas plantas submetidas ao anelamento apresentaram problemas de cicatrização, o que provocou a morte das mesmas, recomendando-se evitar a realização desta prática nas condições em que se realizou este trabalho. Termos para indexação: uvas sem sementes, bioestimulante, ácido giberélico, Crop Set GIRDLING AND GROWTH REGULATORS: EFFECTS ON THE BIOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS AND QUALITY OF BUNCHES OF VINE 'SUPERIOR SEDLESS'ABSTRACT -Aiming to increase the berry size, weight of bunches and yield, the bunches of the cv. Superior Seedless was powdered with gibberelic acid (1 + 20 mg.L -1 ), bio-stimulant Crop Set in the dosis of 0.1 and 0.2%. In adition was used the treatment known as girdling. Those treatments were applied in an isolated way or combined to each other. The work was carried out during 2001-2002 (two harvest seasons), in the Experimental Station of Bebedouro, Semi-arid Embrapa in Petrolina, Pernambuco State. The experimental design were in randomized blocks with 12 treatments and three replications. The differences among the treatments were not statistical significant in the two evaluated seasons. However, when the gibberelic acid was associated with Crop Set 0.1% and girdling, it was observed a tendency to increase the weight of bunches, as well as, the weight and berry size in the 2001 season. The bunches treated with gibberelic acid presented stronger rachis, although significant differences are not observed among the treatments. Some plants submited to the girdling presented problems with cicatrization, that caused death of them, recomending to avoid this practice in the conditions of this work.

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Anelamento e reguladores de crescimento: efeitos sobre as medidas biométricas e qualidade de cachos da videira 'Superior Seedless'

Leão

Silva

Silva³

2004

Rev. Bras. Frutic.

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“…However, there is also a detrimental effect of GA 3 , which increases postharvest berry drop, a problem well known for a long time for some cultivars such as Thompson Seedless [7]. Some authors have proposed that the rachis and pedicel could be one of the main structures influencing berry drop [6,10,11]. But scarce information exists about the transcriptional response of this tissue to GA 3 treatments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our study, enlargement of cortex cells and transcript levels of monolignol biosynthesis-related genes (4CL, CAD6 and CCR1L) were upregulated by GA 3 treatment. Transcriptional induction of lignin biosynthesis genes along with increased cell size could be related to the greater stiffness of pedicels as proposed in [6]. To test if the amount of lignin in samples treated with GA 3 is really higher in these groups, lignin concentration was determined by the acetyl bromide (AB) method [21].…”

Section: Ga 3 Treatment For Berry Enlargement Promotes Pedicel Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early response to GA3-treatment in the pedicel of table grape genotypes with different susceptibility to berry drop reveals responses elicited in cell wall yield and modification of lignin content

Meneses

García-Rojas

Muñoz-Espinoza

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background Gibberellins (GA3) are the most sprayed growth regulator for table grape production worldwide, increasing berry size of seedless varieties through pericarp cell expansion. However, these treatments also exacerbate berry drop, which has a detrimental effect on the postharvest quality of commercialized clusters. Several studies have suggested that pedicel stiffening caused by GA3 would have a role in this disorder. Nevertheless, transcriptional and phenotypic information regarding pedicel responses to GA3 is minimal.Results Characterization of responses to GA3 treatments using the lines L23 and Thompson Seedless showed that the former was up to six times more susceptible to berry drop than the latter. GA3 also increased the diameter and dry matter percentage of the pedicel on both genotypes. Induction of lignin biosynthesis-related genes by GA3 has been reported, so the quantity of this polymer was measured. The acetyl bromide method detected a decreased concentration of lignin seven days after GA3 treatment, due to a higher cell wall yield of the isolated fractions of GA3 -treated pedicel samples which caused a dilution effect. Thus, an initial enrichment of primary cell wall components in response to GA3 was suggested, particularly in the L23 background.A transcriptomic profiling was performed to identify which genes were associated with these phenotypic changes. This analysis identified 1,281 and 1,787 genes differentially upregulated by GA3 in L23 and cv. Thompson Seedless, respectively. Concomitantly, 1,202 and 1,317 downregulated genes were detected in L23 and cv. Thompson Seedless (FDR≤0.05). Gene ontology analysis of upregulated genes showed enrichment in pathways including phenylpropanoids, cell wall metabolism, xylem development, photosynthesis and the cell cycle at seven days post GA3 application. Twelve genes were characterized by qPCR and striking differences were observed between genotypes, mainly in genes related to cell wall synthesis.Conclusions High levels of berry drop are related to an early strong response of primary cell wall synthesis in the pedicel promoted by GA3 treatment. Genetic backgrounds can produce similar phenotypic responses to GA3 , although there is considerable variation in the regulation of genes in terms of which are expressed, and the extent of transcript levels achieved within the same time frame.

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“…A similar effect with a different cause was recognised in table grapes: treatment of ‘Thompson Seedless’ grapes with gibberellin to enlarge the berries led to thickening of the pedicel. Following this treatment, stronger forces were required to disconnect the berry from the pedicel but, at the same time, fruit shatter increased because of loss of pedicel flexibility 14…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low humidity after harvest changes the abscission site in bunch cherry tomatoes

et al. 2009

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BACKGROUND: In bunch cherry tomatoes (BCTs) abscission of the fruit from the bunch, rather than deterioration of fruit determines the life-span of the produce. Two abscission sites have been characterised: the joint (AJ) in the middle of the pedicel, and at the receptacle (AR) at the fruit-pedicel interphase. The type of abscission is sensitive to growth conditions; joint abscission is typical of winter harvests whereas receptacle abscission is dominant in summer harvests. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of relative humidity (RH) in terms of water vapour pressure deficit (WVPD) during storage and shelf life on the course and site of abscission of BCTs.

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Berry Drop and Fruit Removal Forces as Related With Ga3 Applications in Table Grapes

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Anelamento e reguladores de crescimento: efeitos sobre as medidas biométricas e qualidade de cachos da videira 'Superior Seedless'

Anelamento e reguladores de crescimento: efeitos sobre as medidas biométricas e qualidade de cachos da videira 'Superior Seedless'

Early response to GA3-treatment in the pedicel of table grape genotypes with different susceptibility to berry drop reveals responses elicited in cell wall yield and modification of lignin content

Low humidity after harvest changes the abscission site in bunch cherry tomatoes

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