“…Any effect these may have in augmenting venous pressure is probably small because of the large cross-sectional area of the veins and because nervous effects causing arteriolar dilatation are usually accompanied by venodilatation (Bayliss & Starling, 1894). At the same time a reflex dilatation of arteriovenous anastomoses would be expected through a release of sympathetic vasoconstrictor tone to these blood vessels (Grant, 1930;Grant, Bland & Camp, 1932) and would result in an increase in blood flow through them (Bostroem & Schneider 1953).…”