Benzyl-isothiocyanate (BITC) decreases quality of egg white proteins in rats

Diverse Excretion Pathways of Benzyl Glucosinolate in Humans after Consumption of Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus L.)—A Pilot Study

“…The formation of irreversible lysine conjugates affects either the biological activity of ITCs or the protein quality. As shown in an animal study, the amount of bioavailable lysine is reduced after reaction with ITCs . Consequently, it is likely that the bioavailability and thus, the biological activity of ITCs is reduced by protein conjugation as well.…”

“…While the powdered material was just ingested with water so that less side‐reactions with food matrix compounds are possible, the bread consisted of a rather complex matrix including proteins, which are a favored reaction target for ITCs . Resulting from a reaction with matrix proteins, the bioavailability of ITC can decrease . Further, not only matrices rich in proteins, but also rich in fibers and lipids may reduce bioavailability as reported by Oliviero et al.…”

“…ITCs have been applied as labeling agents in protein analysis for a long time . Further, reactions of ITCs with food proteins have been investigated showing that cysteine and lysine conjugates are formed in ITC‐containing protein‐rich food diminishing essential amino acids . Even some cytotoxic effects of ITCs observed in vitro are ascribed to the formation of protein conjugates .…”

Glucosinolates inBrassicavegetables: The influence of the food supply chain on intake, bioavailability and human health

“…They readily bind to amino acids and proteins forming thiourea derivatives and dithiocarbamate esters. When egg white protein was treated with benzyl-ITC, lysine content and availability was significantly decreased to 60% as well as the bioaccessibility of the ITC [162,163]. According to Björkmann, addition of radiolabelled ITCs at a level normally present to rapeseed meal resulted in a 36% binding of the ITC to meal components.…”

“…The basis for the distribution of ITCs throughout the body is the reversibility of their binding to amino-and thiol-groups and especially the high degree of binding to cysteine and GSH [162,163,181,194]. The resulting thioldisulphide exchange give rise to an enormous range of possible intermediates and transport forms of ITCs, e.g.…”