Benzo(a)pyrene: Studies of the Effects of this Ubiquitous Pollutant on Fishes

Modulation of Benzo[a]pyrene-Induced Toxic Effects in Japanese Medaka (Oryzias latipes) by 2,2′,4,4′-Tetrabromodiphenyl Ether

“…Exposure to PAHs during fish embryo development results in embryotoxicity and dysmorphogenesis, such as pericardial and yolk sac edema, cardiac arrhythmia, jaw reductions, and skeletal defects. , In the current study, we demonstrated that subchronic exposure of adult medaka fish to BaP caused similar skeletal deformities (scoliosis) in the F1 generation eleutheroembryos (Figure D). The spines of most skeletal deformational eleutheroembryos were curved from side to side, resembling a “C” or “S” rather than a straight line.…”

“…23,42 In the current study, we demonstrated that subchronic exposure of adult medaka fish to BaP caused similar skeletal deformities (scoliosis) in the F1 generation eleutheroembryos ( Figure 3D). The spines of most skeletal deformational eleutheroembryos were curved from side to side, resembling a "C" or "S" rather than a straight line.…”

“…31 It should be noted that the measured BaP concentrations were 0.46−0.95 μg/L in the coexposure groups, which are environmentally relevant in rivers and harbors as previously reported. 22,23 While the measured BDE47 concentrations (0.04−5.38 μg/L) were higher than those in rivers, a similar concentration (0.134 μg/L) has been observed in a wastewater sample. 24 In addition, the BaP concentration in water obviously decreased with increasing BDE47 concentration (Table 1).…”

“…The determined BaP and BDE47 concentrations in the water of each exposure group are shown in Table , which were much lower than the corresponding nominal concentrations and were environmentally relevant compared with those previously reported in aqueous environment. − The determined BaP concentrations in BaP-alone exposure groups were about 6.1–29.2 times lower than the corresponding nominal concentrations, and those in the four groups with coexposure to BDE47 were about 20.7–53.9 times lower than the nominal concentration of 25 μg/L BaP. Similarly, the determined concentrations of BDE47 in single BDE47 groups were about 13.0–25.6 times lower than the related nominal concentrations, and those in the coexposure groups were about 18.9–38.7 times lower than the corresponding nominal concentrations.…”

“…43,44 Such BaP teratogenicity was at least partially associated with genotoxicity induced by the carcinogenic metabolites of BaP. 23,43,44 It has been reported that CYP1A and CYP1B enzymes can catalyze BaP to form a recognized biologically active carcinogen, BaP-7, 8-dihydrodiol-9, 10-oxide (BPDE), which can form several kinds of adducts with DNA, subsequently leading to replication errors or mutations if not repaired in time. 45 In the present study, the transcription levels of CYP1A and CYP1B were significantly up-regulated by BDE47 in coexposure groups in male medaka fish but not in females, and the mRNA expressions of p53, an indicator of DNA damage, 26 were also dose-dependently up-regulated in testis but not in ovaries of medaka fish ( Figure 5 and Table S4, Supporting Information).…”