Benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]difuran-based sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells

Extended benzodifuran–thiophene systems connected with azomethine junctions: synthesis and electronic properties

“…5 Thus polymers or small molecules based on the benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b 0 ]difuran units (BDF) variously substituted on the benzenic core and/or the furan units (Scheme 1) have been used as active materials in OLEDs and OPCs. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] On the other hand, the donor-acceptor (D/A) approach with electron-donating (D) and electron acceptor (A) blocks inserted in the conjugated backbone is currently one of the most widely investigated materials for the development of electronic plastics. [12][13][14] Recently many donor-acceptor copolymers containing BDF building blocks were used as donor materials in OPC and power conversion efficiencies above 6% were achieved.…”

A quinoxaline-fused tetrathiafulvalene-based sensitizer for efficient dye-sensitized solar cells

“…Most of them have a donor-p-acceptor (D-p-A) structure as the electron displacement from D to A units upon photoexcitation facilitates the electron injection into the TiO 2 electrode. [1][2][3] To tailor the photo-accessible excited states of organic sensitizers, a variety of molecular scaffolds such as triarylamine, 4 phenothiazine, 5 benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b 0 ]difuran 6 and porphyrin 7 have been used as donor components. Tetrathiafulvalene (TTF), as a strong p-donor, has been intensively investigated within the context of materials chemistry towards molecular (opto)electronics.…”

Bis(Triphenylamine)Benzodifuran Chromophores: Synthesis, Electronic Properties and Application in Organic Light-Emitting Diodes

“…The symmetry and planarity as well as π-extended conjugation can enhance electron delocalization and intermolecular interactions and thus improve charge mobility. After recent explorations of facile and efficient synthetic methodologies, BDF derivatives, including small molecules and polymers, have been widely used for high performance organic electronics such as organic photovoltaics ( Li et al, 2010 ; Huo et al, 2012a ; Huo et al, 2012b ; Li et al, 2012 ; Aeschi et al, 2013 ; Li et al, 2013b ; Kularatne et al, 2013 ; Gao et al, 2020 ), organic field effect transistors (OFETs) ( Huang et al, 2014 ; Wang et al, 2016 ; Zhang et al, 2017 ; Wang et al, 2018 ), organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) ( Tsuji et al, 2007 ; Tsuji et al, 2009 ; Mitsui et al, 2012 ) and single-molecule devices ( Li et al, 2014 ; Huang et al, 2015 ; Xiang et al, 2015 ; Baghernejad et al, 2020 ). It has been demonstrated that extended π-conjugated BDF derivatives suitably functionalised with either pyridine ( Yi et al, 2010 ), or pyrene and anthracene ( Keller et al, 2011 ) or triphenyl amine (TPA) ( Faurie et al, 2018 ) termini show very strong fluorescence emission with luminescence quantum yields Φ F of up to 0.98.…”