Benthic respiration measured by total carbonate production

Anderson, Leif G.; Hall, Per; Iverfeldt, Åke; Loejf, Michiel M. Rutgers van der; Sundby, Bjørn; Westerlund, Stig

doi:10.4319/lo.1986.31.2.0319

Cited by 164 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…9.0-13.5 (Nissenbaum et al 1972;Krom and Berner 1981;Klump and Martens 1987), the regeneration ratio is at the low-end of the range reported in the marine literature (e.g. 8.8-9.9 at the FOAM site, Berner 1977; Krom and Berner 198 1;11 .O in a Swedish coastal sediment, Anderson et al 1986;4.5-9.15 at Cape Lookout Bight, Klump and Martens 1987).…”

Section: Discussion and Modelingmentioning

confidence: 98%

Early diagenesis in a marine sapropel, Mangrove Lake, Bermuda

Boudreau¹,

Canfeld²,

Mucci³

1992

Limnology & Oceanography

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The pore waters of a marine sapropel in Mangrove Lake (Bermuda) have been analyzed for a suite of diagenetically sensitive species, i.e. pH, SO, 2-ZH,S, Ca2+, ZC02, ZNH4, ZP04, Fe2', and , Mn2+. We have also measured a 210Pb depth profile (suggesting a burial velocity of 0.94 cm yr-I) and experimentally determined the rate constant for sulfate reduction (0.062 yr-l).Waves and turbulence have mixed sediment and pore waters to a depth of 15 cm. However, both stoichiometric and transport-reaction models argue that molecular diffusion dominates solute transport beneath this mixed zone and that the pore waters are open to diffusion despite rapid burial. Diagenetic modeling shows further that diffusion accounts for 95% of the SOd2-, ZH,S, and X0, fluxes below the mixed layer. Comparison of model results with sulfur burial fluxes indicates that at least 94% of the generated ZH,S diffuses out of the sediments. The pore-water ZCO, is also within 5% of that predicted by our models. The C:N ratio of the decaying organic matter is calculated to be between 3.86 and 6.87, which is less than half that obtained by analysis of the solids.The carbonate chemistry of the pore waters suggests that they are nearly saturated with respect to aragonite in the mixed zone, even though this mineral has not been identified in the solids. Precipitation in the mixed zone is confirmed bv comparing the observed dissolved Ca profile with that expected for conservative behavior.

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Section: Discussion and Modelingmentioning

confidence: 98%

Early diagenesis in a marine sapropel, Mangrove Lake, Bermuda

Boudreau¹,

Canfeld²,

Mucci³

1992

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…The underlying assumption behind this approach is that most reduced constituents from the anaerobic carbon degradation are concurrently oxidized by O 2 (Canfield et al 1993). This may not always be entirely correct, especially in reduced sediments (Anderson et al 1986;Therkildsen and Lomstein 1993), but in most settings and when averaged over some time the O 2 uptake represents a robust proxy for the total benthic mineralization rate. Therefore, there have been numerous studies quantifying the benthic O 2 exchange rate applying a range of different measuring approaches (Glud 2008 and references therein).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benthic Carbon Mineralization and Nutrient Turnover in a Scottish Sea Loch: An Integrative In Situ Study

et al. 2016

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Based on in situ microprofiles, chamber incubations and eddy covariance measurements, we investigated the benthic carbon mineralization and nutrient regeneration in a *65-m-deep sedimentation basin of Loch Etive, UK. The sediment hosted a considerable amount of infauna that was dominated by the brittle star A. filiformis. The numerous burrows were intensively irrigated enhancing the benthic in situ O 2 uptake by *50 %, and inducing highly variable redox conditions and O 2 distribution in the surface sediment as also documented by complementary laboratory-based planar optode measurements. The average benthic O 2 exchange as derived by chamber incubations and the eddy covariance approach were similar (14.9 ± 2.5 and 13.1 ± 9.0 mmol m -2 day -1 ) providing confidence in the two measuring approaches. Moreover, the non-invasive eddy approach revealed a flow-dependent benthic O 2 flux that was partly ascribed to enhanced ventilation of infauna burrows during periods of elevated flow rates. The ratio in exchange rates of RCO 2 and O 2 was close to unity, confirming that the O 2 uptake was a good proxy for the benthic carbon mineralization in this setting. The infauna activity resulted in highly dynamic redox conditions that presumably facilitated an efficient degradation of both terrestrial and marine-derived organic material. The complex O 2 dynamics of the burrow environment also concurrently stimulated nitrification and coupled denitrification rates making the sediment an efficient sink for bioavailable nitrogen. Furthermore, bioturbation mediated a high efflux of dissolved phosphorus and silicate. The study documents a high spatial and temporal variation in benthic solute exchange with important implications for benthic turnover of organic carbon and nutrients. However, more long-term in situ investigations with like approaches are required to fully understand how environmental events and spatio-temporal variations interrelate to the overall biogeochemical functioning of coastal sediments.

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“…In previous papers we have discussed the advantages and limitations of flux chambers in making flux measurements, and we have shown the importance of oxygen in controlling the fluxes of several other solutes (Rutgers van der Loeff et al 1984;Anderson et al 1986;Sundby et al 1986;Westerlund et al 1986). In this paper we present an in situ benthic flux chamber study of the influence of the benthic boundary layer on the kinetics of oxygen uptake at the sedimentwater interface and try to resolve the conflict surrounding measurements of oxygen uptake.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen uptake kinetics in the benthic boundary layer

Hall

Anderson

Loeff

et al. 1989

Limnology & Oceanography

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135

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A simple, one-dimensional, transport-reaction model of oxygen uptake by sediments during incubation experiments assumes zero-order reaction kinetics for oxygen removal in the pore water of sediments and takes the apparent diffusive limitation posed by the benthic boundary layer into account. Model calculations are in excellent agreement with experimental data obtained during in situ benthic flux chamber experiments in Gullmarsfjorden, Sweden, during fall (water temp, 10°C) and winter (-1'C). The boundary layer "resistance," represented by a mean diffusive sublayer thickness, was estimated with a series of radioactive tracers. The oxygen uptake curve was initially approximately linear but became exponential below -100 PM oxygen. The half-removal time of oxygen below 100 PM corresponds to a boundary layer resistance similar to that obtained with the radiotracers. The nearly constant rate of decrease of oxygen during the initial phase of the incubations suggests that incubation techniques can be used to obtain an approximate measure of the oxygen uptake rate of sediments as long as the concentration remains above the transition where the curve changes from approximately linear to exponential. This procedure, however, underestimates the oxygen uptake rate by 28-34% compared to model results. Model calculations also suggest that oxygen uptake rates can differ substantially between chamber and outside sediments, especially when hydrodynamic conditions influencing the apparent boundary layer resistance are different within and outside chambers.

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Benthic respiration measured by total carbonate production

Cited by 164 publications

References 24 publications

Early diagenesis in a marine sapropel, Mangrove Lake, Bermuda

Early diagenesis in a marine sapropel, Mangrove Lake, Bermuda

Benthic Carbon Mineralization and Nutrient Turnover in a Scottish Sea Loch: An Integrative In Situ Study

Oxygen uptake kinetics in the benthic boundary layer

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