Benthic invertebrates associated with subfossil cold-water coral frames and hardgrounds  in the Albanian deep waters (Adriatic Sea)

Nasto, Ina; Cardone, Frine; Mastrototaro, Francesco; Panetta, P.; Rosso, Antonietta; Sanfilippo, Rosanna; Taviani, Marco; Tursi, Angelo

doi:10.3906/zoo-1708-44

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The interdigitation is, however, not simple as it is between test plates of a number of echinoids (Moss & Meehan, 1967; Smith, 1980), which will separate upon prolonged treatment with bleach. Instead, by its mechanically interlocking trabeculae, the campylogomphosis is similar in morphology to the interconnections of desmas of lithistid sponges (Kelly, 2007; Nasto et al, 2018), the jigsaw puzzle‐like septal sutures of advanced ammonoids (Hoffmann et al, 2018), and cranial sutures of mammals (Seilacher, 1979; White et al, 2021). In these cases, the shapes of extensions between skeletal pieces mechanically and inextricably lock the pieces together even if the joints are further strengthened later in growth by ankylosis, as in mammalian crania.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The five categories of suture recognized by Irimura and Fujita (2003) should be examined at higher magnification under the SEM to reveal the relationship among appearance of the suture, degree and locations of ankylosis, and possible phylogenetic relationships. Comparison with the sutures between desmas of lithistid sponges (Kelly, 2007; Nasto et al, 2018), septa of ammonoids (Hoffmann et al, 2018), and cranial plates of mammals (Seilacher, 1979; White et al, 2021) might reveal basic themes in convergence of skeletal features. Finally, sutures between echinoderm ossicles have significantly different biomechanical properties than solid plates (Lawrence, 1987; Moss & Meehan, 1967).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The campylogomphosis: A new kind of joint in echinoderms

Benson,

Turner

2024

Invertebrate Biology

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Echinoderm skeletons are composed of calcium carbonate ossicles that join in a variety of ways to form flexible or, more rarely, fixed joints. Ossicle “fusion” in echinoderms has been widely reported in the literature to form various types of fixed joint, but fusion in the sense of chemical union (ankylosis) of the calcitic ossicles has rarely been demonstrated. The arm skeleton of ophiuroids is primarily composed of a series of vertebral ossicles; each vertebra is a compound ossicle that consists of paired ambulacral ossicles united by a fixed joint, often reported to be fused. Development of vertebral ossicles in the amphiurid brittlestar Ophiophragmus filograneus from the arm tip to the oral frame was examined using scanning electron microscopy to follow ontogeny of the vertebra. As an ambulacral ossicle grew, its stereomal trabeculae interdigitated and interlocked by hooking around those of its paired ambulacral, forming the characteristic sinuous suture line central to ophiuroid vertebrae. This three‐dimensional interlocking of stereom formed the joint between paired ambulacrals. With further growth of the vertebra, limited fusion of trabeculae of the paired ambulacrals added to the structure of the joint, primarily at the articular surfaces between successive vertebrae. The joint found here with interlocked trabeculae between ambulacral ossicles of O. filograneus appears to be the same type described in the literature in some echinoids and other ophiuroids. This unique type of fixed joint is described here and named the “campylogomphosis” (Greek: campylos, bent; gomphos, bolt). This newly recognized joint might have implications in echinoderm phylogeny, comparative biology, medicine, and materials science.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The campylogomphosis: A new kind of joint in echinoderms

Benson,

Turner

2024

Invertebrate Biology

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“…The most studied thanatocoenoses in the basin are those constituted by cold-water corals in the form of reef-like bioherms or unconsolidated rubble (Taviani et al 2011;Enrichetti et al 2023), although others have been investigated, dominated by remains of bivalves, polychaetes, and sponges (Rosso et al 2010;Maldonado et al 2015;Taviani et al 2019), some of which associated to a living counterpart. Various studies also targeted the taxonomic identification of the fauna, both living and dead, associated with these frameworks in order to give a better overview of the paleo-communities (Taviani and Colantoni 1984;Zibrowius and Taviani 2005;Rosso et al 2010;Nasto et al 2018;Taviani et al 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The paleo-community of the Sciacca red coral

Bavestrello

Betti

Calcagnile

et al. 2023

Facies

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The sub-fossil red coral deposits of Sciacca (Sicily Channel) have attracted scientific attention for nearly 150 years. Their origin and formation have been long questioned and investigated, given the fact that they represent one of the most intriguing geobiological events ever to occur in the Mediterranean basin. Less attention was given to the paleo-community associated with the sub-fossil coral. Radiocarbon age determinations, in particular, were provided only for red coral, neglecting the possibility of understanding which species were simultaneously present in the coralline paleo-community and which was their role. The study of cemented coral rubble pieces revealed that Corallium rubrum covered the largest time interval (more than 3000 years) and was contemporary to many secondary epibionts over two millennia and to Madrepora oculata for about 500 years; this last finding suggested that an uncommon co-dominance between the two structuring species occurred in the nearby living communities. The lack of Fe–Mg deposits on the cemented coral rubbles coupled with the low bioerosion rate of the red coral skeletons by the demosponge Siphonodictyon coralliirubri (assessed through the analysis of the erosive paleo-scars) suggested that the deposits met with a rapid sediment cover-up. Moreover, for the first time, the analysis of a piece of cemented coral rubble of sub-fossil red coral coming from Sardinian waters confirmed that, albeit to a lesser extent, the conditions favouring the preservation of dead corals can occur also in different localities far from Sciacca.

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“…The presence of subfossil CWC reefs in Albanian waters had long been known by fishermen, yet it was not until recent years that their presence was properly documented (Nasto et al, 2018), quickly followed by the discovery of isolated, yet alive, M. oculata and L. pertusa colonies (Angeletti et al, 2014). While all data regarding its sponge fauna comes from a single sampling of the subfossil reefs (Nasto et al, 2018), the Albanian waters represent a unique CWC site, as it is one of the only known southeastern Adriatic CWC communities, and it has been suggested that it might play a major role on the connectivity of two of the Adriatic and Ionian Sea CWC communities (Chimienti et al, 2019), which, objectively, makes it worthy of inclusion. Finally, the area is also part of the Ionian Sea EBSA area (Gabrie et al, 2012), established in part due to the exceptional presence of CWC in the area.…”

Section: The Albanian Subfossil Reefs (Al)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediterranean Coral Provinces as a Sponge Diversity Reservoir: Is There a Mediterranean Cold-Water Coral Sponge Fauna?

et al. 2021

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Cold-water coral reefs (CWC) are known to be biodiversity hotspots, however, the sponge assemblages found to dwell within these habitats haven not been studied in depth to date in the Mediterranean Sea. The present article provides the first insight on the associated sponge fauna of the recently discovered CWC communities on the Catalan Margin and, to a lesser extent, the Cabliers Coral Mound Province, while also reviewing the current knowledge of the sponge fauna dwelling in all the Mediterranean CWC provinces. In regards to the studied areas, some rare species are cited for the first time in the Mediterranean or redescribed, while two of them, Hamacantha (Hamacantha) hortae sp. nov. and Spongosorites cabliersi sp. nov. are new to science. At a basin scale, Mediterranean CWC appear as poriferan biodiversity hotspots, yet current diversity values on each site rather represent a small fraction of its actual fauna. Additionally, the existence of an endemic sponge fauna exclusively dwelling on CWC is refuted. Nonetheless, the sponge fauna thriving in Mediterranean CWC appears to be unique, and different from that of other Atlantic regions. Finally, with the current knowledge, the sponge fauna from the Mediterranean CWC is grouped in three distinguishable clusters (Alboran Sea, Western and Eastern Mediterranean), which appears to be determined by the basins water circulation, specially the Levantine Intermediate Water and the Atlantic Water following a western-eastern pattern from the Strait of Gibraltar to the Adriatic Sea. Overall, sponge living in Mediterranean CWC are still poorly explored in most areas, yet they appear to be good candidates for biogeographical studies.Zoobank Registration: LSID urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:E58A3DFF-EDC5-44FC-A274-1C9508BF8D15.

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Benthic invertebrates associated with subfossil cold-water coral frames and hardgrounds in the Albanian deep waters (Adriatic Sea)

Cited by 10 publications

References 45 publications

The campylogomphosis: A new kind of joint in echinoderms

The campylogomphosis: A new kind of joint in echinoderms

The paleo-community of the Sciacca red coral

Mediterranean Coral Provinces as a Sponge Diversity Reservoir: Is There a Mediterranean Cold-Water Coral Sponge Fauna?

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